Caccese, J B; Buckley, T A; Kaminski, T W
Sway area and velocity correlated with MobileMat Balance Error Scoring System (BESS) scores Journal Article
In: Journal of Applied Biomechanics, vol. 32, no. 4, pp. 329–334, 2016.
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: Approximate entropy, Balance, Balancing, Biomechanics, BIOPHYSICS, Concussion, Entropy, Linear measures, Nonlinear measure, ORTHOPEDICS, Outcome measures, postural stability, Sample entropy, Scoring systems
@article{Caccese2016,
title = {Sway area and velocity correlated with MobileMat Balance Error Scoring System (BESS) scores},
author = {Caccese, J B and Buckley, T A and Kaminski, T W},
doi = {10.1123/jab.2015-0273},
year = {2016},
date = {2016-01-01},
journal = {Journal of Applied Biomechanics},
volume = {32},
number = {4},
pages = {329--334},
abstract = {The Balance Error Scoring System (BESS) is often used for sport-related concussion balance assessment. However, moderate intratester and intertester reliability may cause low initial sensitivity, suggesting that a more objective balance assessment method is needed. The MobileMat BESS was designed for objective BESS scoring, but the outcome measures must be validated with reliable balance measures. Thus, the purpose of this investigation was to compare MobileMat BESS scores to linear and nonlinear measures of balance. Eighty-eight healthy collegiate student-athletes (age: 20.0 ± 1.4 y, height: 177.7 ± 10.7 cm, mass: 74.8 ± 13.7 kg) completed the MobileMat BESS. MobileMat BESS scores were compared with 95% area, sway velocity, approximate entropy, and sample entropy. MobileMat BESS scores were significantly correlated with 95% area for single-leg (r =.332) and tandem firm (r =.474), and double-leg foam (r =.660); and with sway velocity for single-leg (r =.406) and tandem firm (r =.601), and double-leg (r =.575) and single-leg foam (r =.434). MobileMat BESS scores were not correlated with approximate or sample entropy. MobileMat BESS scores were low to moderately correlated with linear measures, suggesting the ability to identify changes in the center of mass-center of pressure relationship, but not higher-order processing associated with nonlinear measures. These results suggest that the MobileMat BESS may be a clinically-useful tool that provides objective linear balance measures. © 2016 Human Kinetics, Inc.},
keywords = {Approximate entropy, Balance, Balancing, Biomechanics, BIOPHYSICS, Concussion, Entropy, Linear measures, Nonlinear measure, ORTHOPEDICS, Outcome measures, postural stability, Sample entropy, Scoring systems},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Hyden, J; Petty, B
Sideline Management of Concussion Journal Article
In: Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation Clinics of North America, vol. 27, no. 2, pp. 395–409, 2016.
Links | BibTeX | Tags: anamnesis, athlete, Balance, Balance Error Scoring System, brain concussion, Concussion, Electroencephalography, human, King Devick Test, neurologic examination, neuropsychological test, Physical Examination, priority journal, response time, Review, SCAT3, scoring system, sensor, Sensory Organization Test, Sideline, sport concussion assessment tool, Standardized Assessment of Concussion, symptom, Symptom scale, virtual reality, Vision
@article{Hyden2016,
title = {Sideline Management of Concussion},
author = {Hyden, J and Petty, B},
doi = {10.1016/j.pmr.2015.12.004},
year = {2016},
date = {2016-01-01},
journal = {Physical Medicine \& Rehabilitation Clinics of North America},
volume = {27},
number = {2},
pages = {395--409},
keywords = {anamnesis, athlete, Balance, Balance Error Scoring System, brain concussion, Concussion, Electroencephalography, human, King Devick Test, neurologic examination, neuropsychological test, Physical Examination, priority journal, response time, Review, SCAT3, scoring system, sensor, Sensory Organization Test, Sideline, sport concussion assessment tool, Standardized Assessment of Concussion, symptom, Symptom scale, virtual reality, Vision},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Buckley, T A; Vallabhajosula, S; Oldham, J R; Munkasy, B A; Evans, K M; Krazeise, D A; Ketcham, C J; Hall, E E
Evidence of a conservative gait strategy in athletes with a history of concussions Journal Article
In: Journal of Sport and Health Science, vol. 5, no. 4, pp. 417–423, 2016.
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: Balance, Brain Injury, Gait performance, Locomotion, Mild traumatic, postural control, postural stability, Variability
@article{Buckley2016a,
title = {Evidence of a conservative gait strategy in athletes with a history of concussions},
author = {Buckley, T A and Vallabhajosula, S and Oldham, J R and Munkasy, B A and Evans, K M and Krazeise, D A and Ketcham, C J and Hall, E E},
doi = {10.1016/j.jshs.2015.03.010},
year = {2016},
date = {2016-01-01},
journal = {Journal of Sport and Health Science},
volume = {5},
number = {4},
pages = {417--423},
abstract = {Background A history of 3 or more concussions is frequently associated with numerous short- and long-term neuropathologies. Impairments in postural control are a known acute consequence of concussion; however, limited evidence exists on the effects of multiple concussions on gait. The purpose of this study was to assess gait stepping characteristics in collegiate aged student-athletes based on concussion history. Methods There were 63 participants divided into 3 even groups based on concussion history: ≥3 concussions, 1\textendash2 concussions, and 0 concussion. All participants completed 10 trials of gait on a 4.9 m instrumented walkway. The dependent variables of interest included both gait stepping characteristics (step velocity, length, and width, double support time, and the percentage of the gait cycle in stance) and coefficient of variability (CoV) measures (step length, time, and width). The gait stepping characteristics were compared first with a MANOVA with follow-up 1-way ANOVAs and Tukey post hoc tests as appropriate. The CoV measures were compared with 1-way ANOVAs and Tukey post hoc tests. Results There were main effects for group for step velocity, length, width, and double support time. Overall, the 0 concussion group displayed typical healthy young gait parameters and performed significantly better than either concussion group. The 0 concussion group had a significantly greater step length CoV, but there were no differences in the step time or width CoV. Conclusion This finding provides evidence of subtle impairments in postural control during gait among individuals with prior history of concussion which could be an early indicator of future neurological deficiencies. The limited difference in the variability measures is consistent with prior static stance studies and could suggest the individuals constrain their motor systems to reduce variability. Taken together, these findings suggest a conservative gait strategy which is adopted by individuals with a history of concussions. © 2016},
keywords = {Balance, Brain Injury, Gait performance, Locomotion, Mild traumatic, postural control, postural stability, Variability},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Howell, D R; Meehan III, W P
Normative values for a video-force plate assessment of postural control in athletic children Journal Article
In: Journal of Pediatric Orthopaedics Part B, vol. 25, no. 4, pp. 310–314, 2016.
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: Athletes, Balance, Balance Error Scoring System, Concussion, postural stability, Sports
@article{Howell2016a,
title = {Normative values for a video-force plate assessment of postural control in athletic children},
author = {Howell, D R and {Meehan III}, W P},
doi = {10.1097/BPB.0000000000000275},
year = {2016},
date = {2016-01-01},
journal = {Journal of Pediatric Orthopaedics Part B},
volume = {25},
number = {4},
pages = {310--314},
abstract = {The objective of this study was to provide normative data for young athletes during the three stances of the modified Balance Error Scoring System (mBESS) using an objective video-force plate system. Postural control was measured in 398 athletes between 8 and 18 years of age during the three stances of the mBESS using a video-force plate rating system. Girls exhibited better postural control than boys during each stance of the mBESS. Age was not significantly associated with postural control. We provide normative data for a video-force plate assessment of postural stability in pediatric athletes during the three stances of the mBESS. © Copyright 2016 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved.},
keywords = {Athletes, Balance, Balance Error Scoring System, Concussion, postural stability, Sports},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Howell, David R; Osternig, Louis R; Chou, Li-Shan
Consistency and cost of dual-task gait balance measure in healthy adolescents and young adults Journal Article
In: Gait & Posture, vol. 49, pp. 176–180, 2016, ISBN: 09666362.
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: Balance, BRAIN -- Concussion, Concussion, Gait, Gait Disorders, mild traumatic brain injury, Teenagers, WALKING, YOUNG adults
@article{Howell2016c,
title = {Consistency and cost of dual-task gait balance measure in healthy adolescents and young adults},
author = {Howell, David R and Osternig, Louis R and Chou, Li-Shan},
doi = {10.1016/j.gaitpost.2016.07.008},
isbn = {09666362},
year = {2016},
date = {2016-01-01},
journal = {Gait \& Posture},
volume = {49},
pages = {176--180},
abstract = {Matched control data are commonly used to examine recovery from concussion. Limited data exist, however, examining dual-task gait data consistency collected over time in healthy individuals. The study purposes were to: 1) assess the consistency of single-task and dual-task gait balance control measures, 2) determine the minimal detectable change (MDC) of gait balance control measures, and 3) examine the extent to which age and task complexity affect dual-task walking costs in healthy adolescents and young adults. Twenty-four adolescent (mean age=15.5±1.1years) and 21 young adult (mean age=21.2±4.5years) healthy participants completed 5 testing sessions across a two-month period, which involved analyses of gait balance control and temporal-distance variables during single-task and dual-task walking conditions in a motion analysis laboratory. Cronbach's $alpha$ and MDCs were used to determine the consistency of the gait balance control variables and the smallest amount of change required to distinguish true performance from change due to the performance/measurement variability, respectively. Dual-task costs were evaluated to determine the effect of task complexity and age across time using 3-way ANOVAs. Good to excellent test-retest consistency was found for all single-task and dual-task walking (Cronbach's $alpha$ range: 0.764-0.970), with a center-of-mass medial-lateral displacement MDC range of 0.835-0.948cm. Greater frontal plane dual-task costs were observed during more complex secondary tasks (p\<0.001). The results revealed good-excellent consistency across testing sessions for all variables and indicated dual-task costs are affected by task complexity. Thus, healthy controls can be effective comparators when assessing injured subjects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]},
keywords = {Balance, BRAIN -- Concussion, Concussion, Gait, Gait Disorders, mild traumatic brain injury, Teenagers, WALKING, YOUNG adults},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Belanger, H G; Vanderploeg, R D; McAllister, T
Subconcussive blows to the head: A formative review of short-term clinical outcomes Journal Article
In: Journal of Head Trauma Rehabilitation, vol. 31, no. 3, pp. 159–166, 2016.
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: Balance, cognition, Concussion, mild TBI, neuropsychological, Outcomes, subconcussion
@article{Belanger2016b,
title = {Subconcussive blows to the head: A formative review of short-term clinical outcomes},
author = {Belanger, H G and Vanderploeg, R D and McAllister, T},
doi = {10.1097/HTR.0000000000000138},
year = {2016},
date = {2016-01-01},
journal = {Journal of Head Trauma Rehabilitation},
volume = {31},
number = {3},
pages = {159--166},
abstract = {Background: Given questions about "lower thresholds" for concussion, as well as possible effects of repetitive concussion and chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE), and associated controversy, there is increasing interest in "subconcussive" blows and their potential significance. Objective: A formative review with critical examination of the developing literature on subconcussive blows in athletes with an emphasis on clinical outcomes. Methods: Studies of biomechanical, performance and/or symptom-based, and neuroimaging data were identified via PubMed search and critically reviewed. Five studies of symptom reporting/performance and 4 studies of neuroimaging were included. Results: The relation between biomechanical parameters and diagnosed concussion is not straightforward (ie, it is not the case that greater and more force leads to more severe injury or cognitive/behavioral sequelae). Neuropsychological studies of subconcussive blows within a single athletic season have failed to demonstrate any strong and consistent relations between number and severity of subconcussive events and cognitive change. Recent studies using neuroimaging have demonstrated a potential cumulative effect of subconcussive blows, at least in a subset of individuals. Conclusion: Human studies of the neurological/neuropsychological impact of subconcussive blows are currently quite limited. Subconcussive blows, in the short-term, have not been shown to cause significant clinical effects. To date, findings suggest that any effect of subconcussive blows is likely to be small or nonexistent, perhaps evident in a subset of individuals on select measures, and maybe even beneficial in some cases. Longerterm prospective studies are needed to determine if there is a cumulative dose effect. © 2016 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc.},
keywords = {Balance, cognition, Concussion, mild TBI, neuropsychological, Outcomes, subconcussion},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Gay, Robin K
Neurocognitive measures in the assessment of vestibular disturbance in patients with brain injury Journal Article
In: NeuroRehabilitation, vol. 32, no. 3, pp. 473–482, 2013, ISBN: 10538135.
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: ACOUSTIC stimulation (Neurophysiology), Balance, BRAIN -- Wounds & injuries -- Complications, brain injury rehabilitation, cognition, Concussion, DIAGNOSIS, DISEASES, Dizziness, Dizziness -- Risk factors, EQUILIBRIUM (Physiology), falls prevention, GAIT in humans, Memory, mild traumatic brain injury, neurocognitive assessment, sports injury, VESTIBULAR apparatus
@article{Gay2013,
title = {Neurocognitive measures in the assessment of vestibular disturbance in patients with brain injury},
author = {Gay, Robin K},
doi = {10.3233/NRE-130870},
isbn = {10538135},
year = {2013},
date = {2013-01-01},
journal = {NeuroRehabilitation},
volume = {32},
number = {3},
pages = {473--482},
publisher = {IOS Press},
abstract = {INTRODUCTION: Problems with balance and dizziness are one of the most common complaints of individuals who have experienced a brain injury and are reported in up to 90% of cases. Despite the ubiquity of vestibular disturbance in this population, there remains a dearth of research on the interaction between physiological and cognitive systems responsible for maintaining balance. PURPOSE: The purpose of this article is to review studies on the interaction of physiological and cognitive processes required to maintain balance that may aide assessment and recovery of balance disturbance in patients with brain injury. SUMMARY: This article provides a review of research on the role of higher order cognitive processes in maintaining balance and rational for further inclusion of neurocognitive measures in the assessment of vestibular disturbance. CONCLUSION: Greater inclusion of neurocognitive measures in assessment of vestibular disturbance provides a method of assessment containing increased ecological validity compared to traditional assessments, better prepares patients for discharge, and may reduce the incidence of future injury.},
keywords = {ACOUSTIC stimulation (Neurophysiology), Balance, BRAIN -- Wounds \& injuries -- Complications, brain injury rehabilitation, cognition, Concussion, DIAGNOSIS, DISEASES, Dizziness, Dizziness -- Risk factors, EQUILIBRIUM (Physiology), falls prevention, GAIT in humans, Memory, mild traumatic brain injury, neurocognitive assessment, sports injury, VESTIBULAR apparatus},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Caccese, J B; Buckley, T A; Kaminski, T W
Sway area and velocity correlated with MobileMat Balance Error Scoring System (BESS) scores Journal Article
In: Journal of Applied Biomechanics, vol. 32, no. 4, pp. 329–334, 2016.
@article{Caccese2016,
title = {Sway area and velocity correlated with MobileMat Balance Error Scoring System (BESS) scores},
author = {Caccese, J B and Buckley, T A and Kaminski, T W},
doi = {10.1123/jab.2015-0273},
year = {2016},
date = {2016-01-01},
journal = {Journal of Applied Biomechanics},
volume = {32},
number = {4},
pages = {329--334},
abstract = {The Balance Error Scoring System (BESS) is often used for sport-related concussion balance assessment. However, moderate intratester and intertester reliability may cause low initial sensitivity, suggesting that a more objective balance assessment method is needed. The MobileMat BESS was designed for objective BESS scoring, but the outcome measures must be validated with reliable balance measures. Thus, the purpose of this investigation was to compare MobileMat BESS scores to linear and nonlinear measures of balance. Eighty-eight healthy collegiate student-athletes (age: 20.0 ± 1.4 y, height: 177.7 ± 10.7 cm, mass: 74.8 ± 13.7 kg) completed the MobileMat BESS. MobileMat BESS scores were compared with 95% area, sway velocity, approximate entropy, and sample entropy. MobileMat BESS scores were significantly correlated with 95% area for single-leg (r =.332) and tandem firm (r =.474), and double-leg foam (r =.660); and with sway velocity for single-leg (r =.406) and tandem firm (r =.601), and double-leg (r =.575) and single-leg foam (r =.434). MobileMat BESS scores were not correlated with approximate or sample entropy. MobileMat BESS scores were low to moderately correlated with linear measures, suggesting the ability to identify changes in the center of mass-center of pressure relationship, but not higher-order processing associated with nonlinear measures. These results suggest that the MobileMat BESS may be a clinically-useful tool that provides objective linear balance measures. © 2016 Human Kinetics, Inc.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Hyden, J; Petty, B
Sideline Management of Concussion Journal Article
In: Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation Clinics of North America, vol. 27, no. 2, pp. 395–409, 2016.
@article{Hyden2016,
title = {Sideline Management of Concussion},
author = {Hyden, J and Petty, B},
doi = {10.1016/j.pmr.2015.12.004},
year = {2016},
date = {2016-01-01},
journal = {Physical Medicine \& Rehabilitation Clinics of North America},
volume = {27},
number = {2},
pages = {395--409},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Buckley, T A; Vallabhajosula, S; Oldham, J R; Munkasy, B A; Evans, K M; Krazeise, D A; Ketcham, C J; Hall, E E
Evidence of a conservative gait strategy in athletes with a history of concussions Journal Article
In: Journal of Sport and Health Science, vol. 5, no. 4, pp. 417–423, 2016.
@article{Buckley2016a,
title = {Evidence of a conservative gait strategy in athletes with a history of concussions},
author = {Buckley, T A and Vallabhajosula, S and Oldham, J R and Munkasy, B A and Evans, K M and Krazeise, D A and Ketcham, C J and Hall, E E},
doi = {10.1016/j.jshs.2015.03.010},
year = {2016},
date = {2016-01-01},
journal = {Journal of Sport and Health Science},
volume = {5},
number = {4},
pages = {417--423},
abstract = {Background A history of 3 or more concussions is frequently associated with numerous short- and long-term neuropathologies. Impairments in postural control are a known acute consequence of concussion; however, limited evidence exists on the effects of multiple concussions on gait. The purpose of this study was to assess gait stepping characteristics in collegiate aged student-athletes based on concussion history. Methods There were 63 participants divided into 3 even groups based on concussion history: ≥3 concussions, 1\textendash2 concussions, and 0 concussion. All participants completed 10 trials of gait on a 4.9 m instrumented walkway. The dependent variables of interest included both gait stepping characteristics (step velocity, length, and width, double support time, and the percentage of the gait cycle in stance) and coefficient of variability (CoV) measures (step length, time, and width). The gait stepping characteristics were compared first with a MANOVA with follow-up 1-way ANOVAs and Tukey post hoc tests as appropriate. The CoV measures were compared with 1-way ANOVAs and Tukey post hoc tests. Results There were main effects for group for step velocity, length, width, and double support time. Overall, the 0 concussion group displayed typical healthy young gait parameters and performed significantly better than either concussion group. The 0 concussion group had a significantly greater step length CoV, but there were no differences in the step time or width CoV. Conclusion This finding provides evidence of subtle impairments in postural control during gait among individuals with prior history of concussion which could be an early indicator of future neurological deficiencies. The limited difference in the variability measures is consistent with prior static stance studies and could suggest the individuals constrain their motor systems to reduce variability. Taken together, these findings suggest a conservative gait strategy which is adopted by individuals with a history of concussions. © 2016},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Howell, D R; Meehan III, W P
Normative values for a video-force plate assessment of postural control in athletic children Journal Article
In: Journal of Pediatric Orthopaedics Part B, vol. 25, no. 4, pp. 310–314, 2016.
@article{Howell2016a,
title = {Normative values for a video-force plate assessment of postural control in athletic children},
author = {Howell, D R and {Meehan III}, W P},
doi = {10.1097/BPB.0000000000000275},
year = {2016},
date = {2016-01-01},
journal = {Journal of Pediatric Orthopaedics Part B},
volume = {25},
number = {4},
pages = {310--314},
abstract = {The objective of this study was to provide normative data for young athletes during the three stances of the modified Balance Error Scoring System (mBESS) using an objective video-force plate system. Postural control was measured in 398 athletes between 8 and 18 years of age during the three stances of the mBESS using a video-force plate rating system. Girls exhibited better postural control than boys during each stance of the mBESS. Age was not significantly associated with postural control. We provide normative data for a video-force plate assessment of postural stability in pediatric athletes during the three stances of the mBESS. © Copyright 2016 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Howell, David R; Osternig, Louis R; Chou, Li-Shan
Consistency and cost of dual-task gait balance measure in healthy adolescents and young adults Journal Article
In: Gait & Posture, vol. 49, pp. 176–180, 2016, ISBN: 09666362.
@article{Howell2016c,
title = {Consistency and cost of dual-task gait balance measure in healthy adolescents and young adults},
author = {Howell, David R and Osternig, Louis R and Chou, Li-Shan},
doi = {10.1016/j.gaitpost.2016.07.008},
isbn = {09666362},
year = {2016},
date = {2016-01-01},
journal = {Gait \& Posture},
volume = {49},
pages = {176--180},
abstract = {Matched control data are commonly used to examine recovery from concussion. Limited data exist, however, examining dual-task gait data consistency collected over time in healthy individuals. The study purposes were to: 1) assess the consistency of single-task and dual-task gait balance control measures, 2) determine the minimal detectable change (MDC) of gait balance control measures, and 3) examine the extent to which age and task complexity affect dual-task walking costs in healthy adolescents and young adults. Twenty-four adolescent (mean age=15.5±1.1years) and 21 young adult (mean age=21.2±4.5years) healthy participants completed 5 testing sessions across a two-month period, which involved analyses of gait balance control and temporal-distance variables during single-task and dual-task walking conditions in a motion analysis laboratory. Cronbach's $alpha$ and MDCs were used to determine the consistency of the gait balance control variables and the smallest amount of change required to distinguish true performance from change due to the performance/measurement variability, respectively. Dual-task costs were evaluated to determine the effect of task complexity and age across time using 3-way ANOVAs. Good to excellent test-retest consistency was found for all single-task and dual-task walking (Cronbach's $alpha$ range: 0.764-0.970), with a center-of-mass medial-lateral displacement MDC range of 0.835-0.948cm. Greater frontal plane dual-task costs were observed during more complex secondary tasks (p\<0.001). The results revealed good-excellent consistency across testing sessions for all variables and indicated dual-task costs are affected by task complexity. Thus, healthy controls can be effective comparators when assessing injured subjects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Belanger, H G; Vanderploeg, R D; McAllister, T
Subconcussive blows to the head: A formative review of short-term clinical outcomes Journal Article
In: Journal of Head Trauma Rehabilitation, vol. 31, no. 3, pp. 159–166, 2016.
@article{Belanger2016b,
title = {Subconcussive blows to the head: A formative review of short-term clinical outcomes},
author = {Belanger, H G and Vanderploeg, R D and McAllister, T},
doi = {10.1097/HTR.0000000000000138},
year = {2016},
date = {2016-01-01},
journal = {Journal of Head Trauma Rehabilitation},
volume = {31},
number = {3},
pages = {159--166},
abstract = {Background: Given questions about "lower thresholds" for concussion, as well as possible effects of repetitive concussion and chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE), and associated controversy, there is increasing interest in "subconcussive" blows and their potential significance. Objective: A formative review with critical examination of the developing literature on subconcussive blows in athletes with an emphasis on clinical outcomes. Methods: Studies of biomechanical, performance and/or symptom-based, and neuroimaging data were identified via PubMed search and critically reviewed. Five studies of symptom reporting/performance and 4 studies of neuroimaging were included. Results: The relation between biomechanical parameters and diagnosed concussion is not straightforward (ie, it is not the case that greater and more force leads to more severe injury or cognitive/behavioral sequelae). Neuropsychological studies of subconcussive blows within a single athletic season have failed to demonstrate any strong and consistent relations between number and severity of subconcussive events and cognitive change. Recent studies using neuroimaging have demonstrated a potential cumulative effect of subconcussive blows, at least in a subset of individuals. Conclusion: Human studies of the neurological/neuropsychological impact of subconcussive blows are currently quite limited. Subconcussive blows, in the short-term, have not been shown to cause significant clinical effects. To date, findings suggest that any effect of subconcussive blows is likely to be small or nonexistent, perhaps evident in a subset of individuals on select measures, and maybe even beneficial in some cases. Longerterm prospective studies are needed to determine if there is a cumulative dose effect. © 2016 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Gay, Robin K
Neurocognitive measures in the assessment of vestibular disturbance in patients with brain injury Journal Article
In: NeuroRehabilitation, vol. 32, no. 3, pp. 473–482, 2013, ISBN: 10538135.
@article{Gay2013,
title = {Neurocognitive measures in the assessment of vestibular disturbance in patients with brain injury},
author = {Gay, Robin K},
doi = {10.3233/NRE-130870},
isbn = {10538135},
year = {2013},
date = {2013-01-01},
journal = {NeuroRehabilitation},
volume = {32},
number = {3},
pages = {473--482},
publisher = {IOS Press},
abstract = {INTRODUCTION: Problems with balance and dizziness are one of the most common complaints of individuals who have experienced a brain injury and are reported in up to 90% of cases. Despite the ubiquity of vestibular disturbance in this population, there remains a dearth of research on the interaction between physiological and cognitive systems responsible for maintaining balance. PURPOSE: The purpose of this article is to review studies on the interaction of physiological and cognitive processes required to maintain balance that may aide assessment and recovery of balance disturbance in patients with brain injury. SUMMARY: This article provides a review of research on the role of higher order cognitive processes in maintaining balance and rational for further inclusion of neurocognitive measures in the assessment of vestibular disturbance. CONCLUSION: Greater inclusion of neurocognitive measures in assessment of vestibular disturbance provides a method of assessment containing increased ecological validity compared to traditional assessments, better prepares patients for discharge, and may reduce the incidence of future injury.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Caccese, J B; Buckley, T A; Kaminski, T W
Sway area and velocity correlated with MobileMat Balance Error Scoring System (BESS) scores Journal Article
In: Journal of Applied Biomechanics, vol. 32, no. 4, pp. 329–334, 2016.
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: Approximate entropy, Balance, Balancing, Biomechanics, BIOPHYSICS, Concussion, Entropy, Linear measures, Nonlinear measure, ORTHOPEDICS, Outcome measures, postural stability, Sample entropy, Scoring systems
@article{Caccese2016,
title = {Sway area and velocity correlated with MobileMat Balance Error Scoring System (BESS) scores},
author = {Caccese, J B and Buckley, T A and Kaminski, T W},
doi = {10.1123/jab.2015-0273},
year = {2016},
date = {2016-01-01},
journal = {Journal of Applied Biomechanics},
volume = {32},
number = {4},
pages = {329--334},
abstract = {The Balance Error Scoring System (BESS) is often used for sport-related concussion balance assessment. However, moderate intratester and intertester reliability may cause low initial sensitivity, suggesting that a more objective balance assessment method is needed. The MobileMat BESS was designed for objective BESS scoring, but the outcome measures must be validated with reliable balance measures. Thus, the purpose of this investigation was to compare MobileMat BESS scores to linear and nonlinear measures of balance. Eighty-eight healthy collegiate student-athletes (age: 20.0 ± 1.4 y, height: 177.7 ± 10.7 cm, mass: 74.8 ± 13.7 kg) completed the MobileMat BESS. MobileMat BESS scores were compared with 95% area, sway velocity, approximate entropy, and sample entropy. MobileMat BESS scores were significantly correlated with 95% area for single-leg (r =.332) and tandem firm (r =.474), and double-leg foam (r =.660); and with sway velocity for single-leg (r =.406) and tandem firm (r =.601), and double-leg (r =.575) and single-leg foam (r =.434). MobileMat BESS scores were not correlated with approximate or sample entropy. MobileMat BESS scores were low to moderately correlated with linear measures, suggesting the ability to identify changes in the center of mass-center of pressure relationship, but not higher-order processing associated with nonlinear measures. These results suggest that the MobileMat BESS may be a clinically-useful tool that provides objective linear balance measures. © 2016 Human Kinetics, Inc.},
keywords = {Approximate entropy, Balance, Balancing, Biomechanics, BIOPHYSICS, Concussion, Entropy, Linear measures, Nonlinear measure, ORTHOPEDICS, Outcome measures, postural stability, Sample entropy, Scoring systems},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Hyden, J; Petty, B
Sideline Management of Concussion Journal Article
In: Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation Clinics of North America, vol. 27, no. 2, pp. 395–409, 2016.
Links | BibTeX | Tags: anamnesis, athlete, Balance, Balance Error Scoring System, brain concussion, Concussion, Electroencephalography, human, King Devick Test, neurologic examination, neuropsychological test, Physical Examination, priority journal, response time, Review, SCAT3, scoring system, sensor, Sensory Organization Test, Sideline, sport concussion assessment tool, Standardized Assessment of Concussion, symptom, Symptom scale, virtual reality, Vision
@article{Hyden2016,
title = {Sideline Management of Concussion},
author = {Hyden, J and Petty, B},
doi = {10.1016/j.pmr.2015.12.004},
year = {2016},
date = {2016-01-01},
journal = {Physical Medicine \& Rehabilitation Clinics of North America},
volume = {27},
number = {2},
pages = {395--409},
keywords = {anamnesis, athlete, Balance, Balance Error Scoring System, brain concussion, Concussion, Electroencephalography, human, King Devick Test, neurologic examination, neuropsychological test, Physical Examination, priority journal, response time, Review, SCAT3, scoring system, sensor, Sensory Organization Test, Sideline, sport concussion assessment tool, Standardized Assessment of Concussion, symptom, Symptom scale, virtual reality, Vision},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Buckley, T A; Vallabhajosula, S; Oldham, J R; Munkasy, B A; Evans, K M; Krazeise, D A; Ketcham, C J; Hall, E E
Evidence of a conservative gait strategy in athletes with a history of concussions Journal Article
In: Journal of Sport and Health Science, vol. 5, no. 4, pp. 417–423, 2016.
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: Balance, Brain Injury, Gait performance, Locomotion, Mild traumatic, postural control, postural stability, Variability
@article{Buckley2016a,
title = {Evidence of a conservative gait strategy in athletes with a history of concussions},
author = {Buckley, T A and Vallabhajosula, S and Oldham, J R and Munkasy, B A and Evans, K M and Krazeise, D A and Ketcham, C J and Hall, E E},
doi = {10.1016/j.jshs.2015.03.010},
year = {2016},
date = {2016-01-01},
journal = {Journal of Sport and Health Science},
volume = {5},
number = {4},
pages = {417--423},
abstract = {Background A history of 3 or more concussions is frequently associated with numerous short- and long-term neuropathologies. Impairments in postural control are a known acute consequence of concussion; however, limited evidence exists on the effects of multiple concussions on gait. The purpose of this study was to assess gait stepping characteristics in collegiate aged student-athletes based on concussion history. Methods There were 63 participants divided into 3 even groups based on concussion history: ≥3 concussions, 1\textendash2 concussions, and 0 concussion. All participants completed 10 trials of gait on a 4.9 m instrumented walkway. The dependent variables of interest included both gait stepping characteristics (step velocity, length, and width, double support time, and the percentage of the gait cycle in stance) and coefficient of variability (CoV) measures (step length, time, and width). The gait stepping characteristics were compared first with a MANOVA with follow-up 1-way ANOVAs and Tukey post hoc tests as appropriate. The CoV measures were compared with 1-way ANOVAs and Tukey post hoc tests. Results There were main effects for group for step velocity, length, width, and double support time. Overall, the 0 concussion group displayed typical healthy young gait parameters and performed significantly better than either concussion group. The 0 concussion group had a significantly greater step length CoV, but there were no differences in the step time or width CoV. Conclusion This finding provides evidence of subtle impairments in postural control during gait among individuals with prior history of concussion which could be an early indicator of future neurological deficiencies. The limited difference in the variability measures is consistent with prior static stance studies and could suggest the individuals constrain their motor systems to reduce variability. Taken together, these findings suggest a conservative gait strategy which is adopted by individuals with a history of concussions. © 2016},
keywords = {Balance, Brain Injury, Gait performance, Locomotion, Mild traumatic, postural control, postural stability, Variability},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Howell, D R; Meehan III, W P
Normative values for a video-force plate assessment of postural control in athletic children Journal Article
In: Journal of Pediatric Orthopaedics Part B, vol. 25, no. 4, pp. 310–314, 2016.
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: Athletes, Balance, Balance Error Scoring System, Concussion, postural stability, Sports
@article{Howell2016a,
title = {Normative values for a video-force plate assessment of postural control in athletic children},
author = {Howell, D R and {Meehan III}, W P},
doi = {10.1097/BPB.0000000000000275},
year = {2016},
date = {2016-01-01},
journal = {Journal of Pediatric Orthopaedics Part B},
volume = {25},
number = {4},
pages = {310--314},
abstract = {The objective of this study was to provide normative data for young athletes during the three stances of the modified Balance Error Scoring System (mBESS) using an objective video-force plate system. Postural control was measured in 398 athletes between 8 and 18 years of age during the three stances of the mBESS using a video-force plate rating system. Girls exhibited better postural control than boys during each stance of the mBESS. Age was not significantly associated with postural control. We provide normative data for a video-force plate assessment of postural stability in pediatric athletes during the three stances of the mBESS. © Copyright 2016 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved.},
keywords = {Athletes, Balance, Balance Error Scoring System, Concussion, postural stability, Sports},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Howell, David R; Osternig, Louis R; Chou, Li-Shan
Consistency and cost of dual-task gait balance measure in healthy adolescents and young adults Journal Article
In: Gait & Posture, vol. 49, pp. 176–180, 2016, ISBN: 09666362.
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: Balance, BRAIN -- Concussion, Concussion, Gait, Gait Disorders, mild traumatic brain injury, Teenagers, WALKING, YOUNG adults
@article{Howell2016c,
title = {Consistency and cost of dual-task gait balance measure in healthy adolescents and young adults},
author = {Howell, David R and Osternig, Louis R and Chou, Li-Shan},
doi = {10.1016/j.gaitpost.2016.07.008},
isbn = {09666362},
year = {2016},
date = {2016-01-01},
journal = {Gait \& Posture},
volume = {49},
pages = {176--180},
abstract = {Matched control data are commonly used to examine recovery from concussion. Limited data exist, however, examining dual-task gait data consistency collected over time in healthy individuals. The study purposes were to: 1) assess the consistency of single-task and dual-task gait balance control measures, 2) determine the minimal detectable change (MDC) of gait balance control measures, and 3) examine the extent to which age and task complexity affect dual-task walking costs in healthy adolescents and young adults. Twenty-four adolescent (mean age=15.5±1.1years) and 21 young adult (mean age=21.2±4.5years) healthy participants completed 5 testing sessions across a two-month period, which involved analyses of gait balance control and temporal-distance variables during single-task and dual-task walking conditions in a motion analysis laboratory. Cronbach's $alpha$ and MDCs were used to determine the consistency of the gait balance control variables and the smallest amount of change required to distinguish true performance from change due to the performance/measurement variability, respectively. Dual-task costs were evaluated to determine the effect of task complexity and age across time using 3-way ANOVAs. Good to excellent test-retest consistency was found for all single-task and dual-task walking (Cronbach's $alpha$ range: 0.764-0.970), with a center-of-mass medial-lateral displacement MDC range of 0.835-0.948cm. Greater frontal plane dual-task costs were observed during more complex secondary tasks (p\<0.001). The results revealed good-excellent consistency across testing sessions for all variables and indicated dual-task costs are affected by task complexity. Thus, healthy controls can be effective comparators when assessing injured subjects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]},
keywords = {Balance, BRAIN -- Concussion, Concussion, Gait, Gait Disorders, mild traumatic brain injury, Teenagers, WALKING, YOUNG adults},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Belanger, H G; Vanderploeg, R D; McAllister, T
Subconcussive blows to the head: A formative review of short-term clinical outcomes Journal Article
In: Journal of Head Trauma Rehabilitation, vol. 31, no. 3, pp. 159–166, 2016.
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: Balance, cognition, Concussion, mild TBI, neuropsychological, Outcomes, subconcussion
@article{Belanger2016b,
title = {Subconcussive blows to the head: A formative review of short-term clinical outcomes},
author = {Belanger, H G and Vanderploeg, R D and McAllister, T},
doi = {10.1097/HTR.0000000000000138},
year = {2016},
date = {2016-01-01},
journal = {Journal of Head Trauma Rehabilitation},
volume = {31},
number = {3},
pages = {159--166},
abstract = {Background: Given questions about "lower thresholds" for concussion, as well as possible effects of repetitive concussion and chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE), and associated controversy, there is increasing interest in "subconcussive" blows and their potential significance. Objective: A formative review with critical examination of the developing literature on subconcussive blows in athletes with an emphasis on clinical outcomes. Methods: Studies of biomechanical, performance and/or symptom-based, and neuroimaging data were identified via PubMed search and critically reviewed. Five studies of symptom reporting/performance and 4 studies of neuroimaging were included. Results: The relation between biomechanical parameters and diagnosed concussion is not straightforward (ie, it is not the case that greater and more force leads to more severe injury or cognitive/behavioral sequelae). Neuropsychological studies of subconcussive blows within a single athletic season have failed to demonstrate any strong and consistent relations between number and severity of subconcussive events and cognitive change. Recent studies using neuroimaging have demonstrated a potential cumulative effect of subconcussive blows, at least in a subset of individuals. Conclusion: Human studies of the neurological/neuropsychological impact of subconcussive blows are currently quite limited. Subconcussive blows, in the short-term, have not been shown to cause significant clinical effects. To date, findings suggest that any effect of subconcussive blows is likely to be small or nonexistent, perhaps evident in a subset of individuals on select measures, and maybe even beneficial in some cases. Longerterm prospective studies are needed to determine if there is a cumulative dose effect. © 2016 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc.},
keywords = {Balance, cognition, Concussion, mild TBI, neuropsychological, Outcomes, subconcussion},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Gay, Robin K
Neurocognitive measures in the assessment of vestibular disturbance in patients with brain injury Journal Article
In: NeuroRehabilitation, vol. 32, no. 3, pp. 473–482, 2013, ISBN: 10538135.
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: ACOUSTIC stimulation (Neurophysiology), Balance, BRAIN -- Wounds & injuries -- Complications, brain injury rehabilitation, cognition, Concussion, DIAGNOSIS, DISEASES, Dizziness, Dizziness -- Risk factors, EQUILIBRIUM (Physiology), falls prevention, GAIT in humans, Memory, mild traumatic brain injury, neurocognitive assessment, sports injury, VESTIBULAR apparatus
@article{Gay2013,
title = {Neurocognitive measures in the assessment of vestibular disturbance in patients with brain injury},
author = {Gay, Robin K},
doi = {10.3233/NRE-130870},
isbn = {10538135},
year = {2013},
date = {2013-01-01},
journal = {NeuroRehabilitation},
volume = {32},
number = {3},
pages = {473--482},
publisher = {IOS Press},
abstract = {INTRODUCTION: Problems with balance and dizziness are one of the most common complaints of individuals who have experienced a brain injury and are reported in up to 90% of cases. Despite the ubiquity of vestibular disturbance in this population, there remains a dearth of research on the interaction between physiological and cognitive systems responsible for maintaining balance. PURPOSE: The purpose of this article is to review studies on the interaction of physiological and cognitive processes required to maintain balance that may aide assessment and recovery of balance disturbance in patients with brain injury. SUMMARY: This article provides a review of research on the role of higher order cognitive processes in maintaining balance and rational for further inclusion of neurocognitive measures in the assessment of vestibular disturbance. CONCLUSION: Greater inclusion of neurocognitive measures in assessment of vestibular disturbance provides a method of assessment containing increased ecological validity compared to traditional assessments, better prepares patients for discharge, and may reduce the incidence of future injury.},
keywords = {ACOUSTIC stimulation (Neurophysiology), Balance, BRAIN -- Wounds \& injuries -- Complications, brain injury rehabilitation, cognition, Concussion, DIAGNOSIS, DISEASES, Dizziness, Dizziness -- Risk factors, EQUILIBRIUM (Physiology), falls prevention, GAIT in humans, Memory, mild traumatic brain injury, neurocognitive assessment, sports injury, VESTIBULAR apparatus},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}