Bruce, Scott L; Stauffer, Sarah; Chaney, Andrew; Garrison, Kelsey
Taking Concussion Vital Signs Neurocognitive Test Under Varied Conditions Journal Article
In: Sport Journal, pp. 1–4, 2016, ISBN: 15439518.
Abstract | BibTeX | Tags: *COLLEGE athletes, Clinical Trials, COGNITIVE testing, Concussion, DESCRIPTIVE statistics, Neurocognitive test batteries, Neuropsychological Tests, RANDOMIZED controlled trials, reaction time, SAMPLING (Statistics), SEX distribution (Demography), STATISTICAL significance, T-test (Statistics), test- retest, test-retest
@article{Bruce2016,
title = {Taking Concussion Vital Signs Neurocognitive Test Under Varied Conditions},
author = {Bruce, Scott L and Stauffer, Sarah and Chaney, Andrew and Garrison, Kelsey},
isbn = {15439518},
year = {2016},
date = {2016-01-01},
journal = {Sport Journal},
pages = {1--4},
abstract = {Neurocognitive test batteries are commonly used tools for concussion assessments in the medical professions. Administered at baseline and post-injury these tests provide information on a patient's neurocognitive ability during the recovery and return-to-activity phases. In athletics, student-athletes usually take the baseline exam as a group in a computer lab prior to the season beginning. If a medical professional believes an individual has sustained a possible concussion, they will retest them and compare their post-injury and baseline results. A deficit in one of more areas of the neurocognitive test may be indicative of a possible concussion. The purpose of this study was to examine whether or not there was a difference in neurocognitive test scores from Concussion Vital Signs when tested under two different conditions: "lights out" and with distractions. Our study was a randomized control trial performed at a Midwestern NCAA, "mid-major" Division I Institution. The subjects were 15 college-aged students with an overall mean age of 19 years (...1.2). There were seven females (mean age was 19 ± 0.77) and eight males (mean age was 20 ± 1.2). A paired t-test was used to determine if a difference in the neurocognitive test section scores between the conditions existed. On three of the ten test sections, there was a statistically significant difference between the baseline and distraction condition. On four of the ten test sections between baseline and the lights out condition for males, but not for females. Testing should be done in a quiet room, with distractions minimized, as distraction hinders focus and performance. The results of this study indicate males may have a more difficult time concentrating while taking neurocognitive tests than females. Administering neurocognitive testing in a quiet, well-lit room is the best condition for the patient to take these concussion-related tests. ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR},
keywords = {*COLLEGE athletes, Clinical Trials, COGNITIVE testing, Concussion, DESCRIPTIVE statistics, Neurocognitive test batteries, Neuropsychological Tests, RANDOMIZED controlled trials, reaction time, SAMPLING (Statistics), SEX distribution (Demography), STATISTICAL significance, T-test (Statistics), test- retest, test-retest},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Brooks, Brian L; Holdnack, James A; Iverson, Grant L
To Change is Human: "Abnormal" Reliable Change Memory Scores are Common in Healthy Adults and Older Adults Journal Article
In: Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology, vol. 31, no. 8, pp. 1026–1036, 2016, ISBN: 08876177.
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: cognition, Cognition Disorders, COGNITIVE testing, Geropsychology, Memory testing, mild cognitive impairment, Multivariate, MULTIVARIATE analysis, Psychometrics, Reliable change index, test-retest
@article{Brooks2016bc,
title = {To Change is Human: "Abnormal" Reliable Change Memory Scores are Common in Healthy Adults and Older Adults},
author = {Brooks, Brian L and Holdnack, James A and Iverson, Grant L},
doi = {10.1093/arclin/acw079},
isbn = {08876177},
year = {2016},
date = {2016-01-01},
journal = {Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology},
volume = {31},
number = {8},
pages = {1026--1036},
abstract = {Objective: The rate at which people obtain reliably improved or declined cognitive test scores when retested, in the absence of a change in clinical condition, is largely unknown. The purpose of this study was to illustrate the prevalence of statistically reliable change scores on memory test batteries in healthy adults and older adults. Method: Participants included three adult and older adult test-retest samples from memory test batteries. Reliable change scores (reliable change index with 90% confidence interval and practice effects) were calculated for the indexes and subtests of each battery. Multivariate analyses involved calculating the frequencies of healthy people obtaining one or more reliably declined or one or more reliably improved scores when considering all change scores simultaneously within each battery. Results: Across all batteries, having one or more reliably changed index or subtest score on retest was common. With most batteries, having two or more reliably changed scores was uncommon. Those with higher intellectual abilities were more likely to have a change on retest; however, no significant differences in base rates were found based on education level, sex, or ethnic minority status. Those older adults who did not have any low memory scores were more likely to improve than decline on retest. Conclusions: Having a single reliably changed score on retest is common when interpreting a battery of memory measures. This has implications for determining cognitive decline and cognitive recovery, suggesting that multivariate interpretation is necessary. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]},
keywords = {cognition, Cognition Disorders, COGNITIVE testing, Geropsychology, Memory testing, mild cognitive impairment, Multivariate, MULTIVARIATE analysis, Psychometrics, Reliable change index, test-retest},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Bruce, Scott L; Stauffer, Sarah; Chaney, Andrew; Garrison, Kelsey
Taking Concussion Vital Signs Neurocognitive Test Under Varied Conditions Journal Article
In: Sport Journal, pp. 1–4, 2016, ISBN: 15439518.
@article{Bruce2016,
title = {Taking Concussion Vital Signs Neurocognitive Test Under Varied Conditions},
author = {Bruce, Scott L and Stauffer, Sarah and Chaney, Andrew and Garrison, Kelsey},
isbn = {15439518},
year = {2016},
date = {2016-01-01},
journal = {Sport Journal},
pages = {1--4},
abstract = {Neurocognitive test batteries are commonly used tools for concussion assessments in the medical professions. Administered at baseline and post-injury these tests provide information on a patient's neurocognitive ability during the recovery and return-to-activity phases. In athletics, student-athletes usually take the baseline exam as a group in a computer lab prior to the season beginning. If a medical professional believes an individual has sustained a possible concussion, they will retest them and compare their post-injury and baseline results. A deficit in one of more areas of the neurocognitive test may be indicative of a possible concussion. The purpose of this study was to examine whether or not there was a difference in neurocognitive test scores from Concussion Vital Signs when tested under two different conditions: "lights out" and with distractions. Our study was a randomized control trial performed at a Midwestern NCAA, "mid-major" Division I Institution. The subjects were 15 college-aged students with an overall mean age of 19 years (...1.2). There were seven females (mean age was 19 ± 0.77) and eight males (mean age was 20 ± 1.2). A paired t-test was used to determine if a difference in the neurocognitive test section scores between the conditions existed. On three of the ten test sections, there was a statistically significant difference between the baseline and distraction condition. On four of the ten test sections between baseline and the lights out condition for males, but not for females. Testing should be done in a quiet room, with distractions minimized, as distraction hinders focus and performance. The results of this study indicate males may have a more difficult time concentrating while taking neurocognitive tests than females. Administering neurocognitive testing in a quiet, well-lit room is the best condition for the patient to take these concussion-related tests. ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Brooks, Brian L; Holdnack, James A; Iverson, Grant L
To Change is Human: "Abnormal" Reliable Change Memory Scores are Common in Healthy Adults and Older Adults Journal Article
In: Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology, vol. 31, no. 8, pp. 1026–1036, 2016, ISBN: 08876177.
@article{Brooks2016bc,
title = {To Change is Human: "Abnormal" Reliable Change Memory Scores are Common in Healthy Adults and Older Adults},
author = {Brooks, Brian L and Holdnack, James A and Iverson, Grant L},
doi = {10.1093/arclin/acw079},
isbn = {08876177},
year = {2016},
date = {2016-01-01},
journal = {Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology},
volume = {31},
number = {8},
pages = {1026--1036},
abstract = {Objective: The rate at which people obtain reliably improved or declined cognitive test scores when retested, in the absence of a change in clinical condition, is largely unknown. The purpose of this study was to illustrate the prevalence of statistically reliable change scores on memory test batteries in healthy adults and older adults. Method: Participants included three adult and older adult test-retest samples from memory test batteries. Reliable change scores (reliable change index with 90% confidence interval and practice effects) were calculated for the indexes and subtests of each battery. Multivariate analyses involved calculating the frequencies of healthy people obtaining one or more reliably declined or one or more reliably improved scores when considering all change scores simultaneously within each battery. Results: Across all batteries, having one or more reliably changed index or subtest score on retest was common. With most batteries, having two or more reliably changed scores was uncommon. Those with higher intellectual abilities were more likely to have a change on retest; however, no significant differences in base rates were found based on education level, sex, or ethnic minority status. Those older adults who did not have any low memory scores were more likely to improve than decline on retest. Conclusions: Having a single reliably changed score on retest is common when interpreting a battery of memory measures. This has implications for determining cognitive decline and cognitive recovery, suggesting that multivariate interpretation is necessary. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Bruce, Scott L; Stauffer, Sarah; Chaney, Andrew; Garrison, Kelsey
Taking Concussion Vital Signs Neurocognitive Test Under Varied Conditions Journal Article
In: Sport Journal, pp. 1–4, 2016, ISBN: 15439518.
Abstract | BibTeX | Tags: *COLLEGE athletes, Clinical Trials, COGNITIVE testing, Concussion, DESCRIPTIVE statistics, Neurocognitive test batteries, Neuropsychological Tests, RANDOMIZED controlled trials, reaction time, SAMPLING (Statistics), SEX distribution (Demography), STATISTICAL significance, T-test (Statistics), test- retest, test-retest
@article{Bruce2016,
title = {Taking Concussion Vital Signs Neurocognitive Test Under Varied Conditions},
author = {Bruce, Scott L and Stauffer, Sarah and Chaney, Andrew and Garrison, Kelsey},
isbn = {15439518},
year = {2016},
date = {2016-01-01},
journal = {Sport Journal},
pages = {1--4},
abstract = {Neurocognitive test batteries are commonly used tools for concussion assessments in the medical professions. Administered at baseline and post-injury these tests provide information on a patient's neurocognitive ability during the recovery and return-to-activity phases. In athletics, student-athletes usually take the baseline exam as a group in a computer lab prior to the season beginning. If a medical professional believes an individual has sustained a possible concussion, they will retest them and compare their post-injury and baseline results. A deficit in one of more areas of the neurocognitive test may be indicative of a possible concussion. The purpose of this study was to examine whether or not there was a difference in neurocognitive test scores from Concussion Vital Signs when tested under two different conditions: "lights out" and with distractions. Our study was a randomized control trial performed at a Midwestern NCAA, "mid-major" Division I Institution. The subjects were 15 college-aged students with an overall mean age of 19 years (...1.2). There were seven females (mean age was 19 ± 0.77) and eight males (mean age was 20 ± 1.2). A paired t-test was used to determine if a difference in the neurocognitive test section scores between the conditions existed. On three of the ten test sections, there was a statistically significant difference between the baseline and distraction condition. On four of the ten test sections between baseline and the lights out condition for males, but not for females. Testing should be done in a quiet room, with distractions minimized, as distraction hinders focus and performance. The results of this study indicate males may have a more difficult time concentrating while taking neurocognitive tests than females. Administering neurocognitive testing in a quiet, well-lit room is the best condition for the patient to take these concussion-related tests. ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR},
keywords = {*COLLEGE athletes, Clinical Trials, COGNITIVE testing, Concussion, DESCRIPTIVE statistics, Neurocognitive test batteries, Neuropsychological Tests, RANDOMIZED controlled trials, reaction time, SAMPLING (Statistics), SEX distribution (Demography), STATISTICAL significance, T-test (Statistics), test- retest, test-retest},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Brooks, Brian L; Holdnack, James A; Iverson, Grant L
To Change is Human: "Abnormal" Reliable Change Memory Scores are Common in Healthy Adults and Older Adults Journal Article
In: Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology, vol. 31, no. 8, pp. 1026–1036, 2016, ISBN: 08876177.
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: cognition, Cognition Disorders, COGNITIVE testing, Geropsychology, Memory testing, mild cognitive impairment, Multivariate, MULTIVARIATE analysis, Psychometrics, Reliable change index, test-retest
@article{Brooks2016bc,
title = {To Change is Human: "Abnormal" Reliable Change Memory Scores are Common in Healthy Adults and Older Adults},
author = {Brooks, Brian L and Holdnack, James A and Iverson, Grant L},
doi = {10.1093/arclin/acw079},
isbn = {08876177},
year = {2016},
date = {2016-01-01},
journal = {Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology},
volume = {31},
number = {8},
pages = {1026--1036},
abstract = {Objective: The rate at which people obtain reliably improved or declined cognitive test scores when retested, in the absence of a change in clinical condition, is largely unknown. The purpose of this study was to illustrate the prevalence of statistically reliable change scores on memory test batteries in healthy adults and older adults. Method: Participants included three adult and older adult test-retest samples from memory test batteries. Reliable change scores (reliable change index with 90% confidence interval and practice effects) were calculated for the indexes and subtests of each battery. Multivariate analyses involved calculating the frequencies of healthy people obtaining one or more reliably declined or one or more reliably improved scores when considering all change scores simultaneously within each battery. Results: Across all batteries, having one or more reliably changed index or subtest score on retest was common. With most batteries, having two or more reliably changed scores was uncommon. Those with higher intellectual abilities were more likely to have a change on retest; however, no significant differences in base rates were found based on education level, sex, or ethnic minority status. Those older adults who did not have any low memory scores were more likely to improve than decline on retest. Conclusions: Having a single reliably changed score on retest is common when interpreting a battery of memory measures. This has implications for determining cognitive decline and cognitive recovery, suggesting that multivariate interpretation is necessary. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]},
keywords = {cognition, Cognition Disorders, COGNITIVE testing, Geropsychology, Memory testing, mild cognitive impairment, Multivariate, MULTIVARIATE analysis, Psychometrics, Reliable change index, test-retest},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}