Lau, K M; Madden, E; Neylan, T C; Seal, K H; Maguen, S
Assessing for mild TBI among Iraq and Afghanistan veterans: Outcomes of injury severity and neurological factors Journal Article
In: Brain Injury, vol. 30, no. 3, pp. 287–294, 2016.
Abstract | BibTeX | Tags: *Afghan Campaign 2001-, *Brain Concussion/di [Diagnosis], *Iraq War, *Veterans/sn [Statistics & Numerical Data], 2003-2011, adult, Brain Concussion/pp [Physiopathology], Brain Concussion/px [Psychology], Cohort Studies, Female, Humans, Injury Severity Score, Male, middle aged, Military personnel, Post-Traumatic/di [Diagnosis], Post-Traumatic/pp [Physiopatholo, Post-Traumatic/px [Psychology], Retrospective Studies, self report, Stress Disorders, UNITED States, United States Department of Veterans Affairs
@article{Lau2016a,
title = {Assessing for mild TBI among Iraq and Afghanistan veterans: Outcomes of injury severity and neurological factors},
author = {Lau, K M and Madden, E and Neylan, T C and Seal, K H and Maguen, S},
year = {2016},
date = {2016-01-01},
journal = {Brain Injury},
volume = {30},
number = {3},
pages = {287--294},
abstract = {OBJECTIVE: To investigate injury severity markers and neurological symptoms associated with clinician-confirmed mild traumatic brain injury (TBI) among Iraq and Afghanistan veterans. SETTING: Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) medical centre and five affiliated community-based outpatient clinics. PARTICIPANTS: Three hundred and fifty Iraq and Afghanistan veterans with positive initial VA TBI screens between 1 April 2007 and 1 June 2010 and clinician-confirmed TBI status by 1 December 2010. METHODS: Retrospective-cohort study of medical record data. Main measures included clinician-confirmed TBI status, injury severity markers (e.g. loss of consciousness (LOC), post-traumatic amnesia (PTA) or confusion/disorientation) and neurological symptoms. RESULTS: Among veterans who screened positive on the initial VA TBI and then received a clinician evaluation, 60% were confirmed to have a TBI diagnosis. Veterans reporting at least one LOC, confusion or PTA were almost 18-times more likely to receive a confirmed TBI diagnosis. Odds of clinician-confirmed TBI were 2.5-3-times greater among those who endorsed dizziness, poor coordination, headaches, nausea, vision problems and/or irritability, compared to those not endorsing these symptoms. Nausea had greatest utility for confirming a TBI. CONCLUSIONS: Identification of neurologic symptoms that most contribute to a clinician-confirmed diagnosis of TBI has potential for streamlining detection of TBI and symptoms needed for treatment.},
keywords = {*Afghan Campaign 2001-, *Brain Concussion/di [Diagnosis], *Iraq War, *Veterans/sn [Statistics \& Numerical Data], 2003-2011, adult, Brain Concussion/pp [Physiopathology], Brain Concussion/px [Psychology], Cohort Studies, Female, Humans, Injury Severity Score, Male, middle aged, Military personnel, Post-Traumatic/di [Diagnosis], Post-Traumatic/pp [Physiopatholo, Post-Traumatic/px [Psychology], Retrospective Studies, self report, Stress Disorders, UNITED States, United States Department of Veterans Affairs},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Elder, G A
Update on TBI and Cognitive Impairment in Military Veterans Journal Article
In: Current Neurology & Neuroscience Reports, vol. 15, no. 10, pp. 68, 2015.
Abstract | BibTeX | Tags: *Brain Injuries/pp [Physiopathology], *Cognition Disorders/pp [Physiopathology], *Veterans, Blast Injuries/co [Complications], Blast Injuries/pp [Physiopathology], Brain Injuries/co [Complications], Cognition Disorders/et [Etiology], Humans, Post-Traumatic/pp [Physiopatholo, Risk Factors, Stress Disorders
@article{Elder2015,
title = {Update on TBI and Cognitive Impairment in Military Veterans},
author = {Elder, G A},
year = {2015},
date = {2015-01-01},
journal = {Current Neurology \& Neuroscience Reports},
volume = {15},
number = {10},
pages = {68},
abstract = {Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a common cause of morbidity and mortality in military life. Interest in military TBI has increased recently due to the conflicts in Iraq and Afghanistan. Certain types of TBI are relatively unique to the military, the most prominent being blast-related TBI. Blast-related mild TBI has been of particular concern in veterans from the most recent conflicts although controversy remains concerning its separation from post-traumatic stress disorder. TBI is also a risk factor for the later development of neurodegenerative diseases in which cognitive impairment is prominent putting veterans at risk for disorders including Alzheimer's disease and chronic traumatic encephalopathy. Recent evidence associating TBI with chronic cognitive impairment is reviewed in the context of its relevance to military veterans.},
keywords = {*Brain Injuries/pp [Physiopathology], *Cognition Disorders/pp [Physiopathology], *Veterans, Blast Injuries/co [Complications], Blast Injuries/pp [Physiopathology], Brain Injuries/co [Complications], Cognition Disorders/et [Etiology], Humans, Post-Traumatic/pp [Physiopatholo, Risk Factors, Stress Disorders},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
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Omalu, B; Hammers, J L; Bailes, J; Hamilton, R L; Kamboh, M I; Webster, G; Fitzsimmons, R P
Chronic traumatic encephalopathy in an Iraqi war veteran with posttraumatic stress disorder who committed suicide Journal Article
In: Neurosurgical Focus, vol. 31, no. 5, pp. E3, 2011.
Abstract | BibTeX | Tags: *Blast Injuries/pa [Pathology], *Blast Injuries/pp [Physiopathology], *Brain Injury, *Combat Disorders/pp [Physiopathology], *Suicide/px [Psychology], 2003-2011, adult, Blast Injuries/co [Complications], Brain Injury, Chronic/co [Complications], Chronic/pa [Pathology], Chronic/pp [Physiopathology], Combat Disorders/px [Psychology], Humans, Iraq War, Male, Post-Traumatic/pp [Physiopatholo, Post-Traumatic/px [Psychology], Stress Disorders, Suicide/pc [Prevention & Control]
@article{Omalu2011,
title = {Chronic traumatic encephalopathy in an Iraqi war veteran with posttraumatic stress disorder who committed suicide},
author = {Omalu, B and Hammers, J L and Bailes, J and Hamilton, R L and Kamboh, M I and Webster, G and Fitzsimmons, R P},
year = {2011},
date = {2011-01-01},
journal = {Neurosurgical Focus},
volume = {31},
number = {5},
pages = {E3},
abstract = {Following his discovery of chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE) in football players in 2002, Dr. Bennet Omalu hypothesized that posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in military veterans may belong to the CTE spectrum of diseases. The CTE surveillance at the Brain Injury Research Institute was therefore expanded to include deceased military veterans diagnosed with PTSD. The authors report the case of a 27-year-old United States Marine Corps (USMC) Iraqi war veteran, an amphibious assault vehicle crewman, who committed suicide by hanging after two deployments to Fallujah and Ramadi. He experienced combat and was exposed to mortar blasts and improvised explosive device blasts less than 50 m away. Following his second deployment he developed a progressive history of cognitive impairment, impaired memory, behavioral and mood disorders, and alcohol abuse. Neuropsychiatric assessment revealed a diagnosis of PTSD with hyperarousal (irritability and insomnia) and numbing. He committed suicide approximately 8 months after his honorable discharge from the USMC. His brain at autopsy appeared grossly unremarkable except for congestive brain swelling. There was no atrophy or remote focal traumatic brain injury such as contusional necrosis or hemorrhage. Histochemical and immunohistochemical brain tissue analysis revealed CTE changes comprising multifocal, neocortical, and subcortical neurofibrillary tangles and neuritic threads (ranging from none, to sparse, to frequent) with the skip phenomenon, accentuated in the depths of sulci and in the frontal cortex. The subcortical white matter showed mild rarefaction, sparse perivascular and neuropil infiltration by histiocytes, and mild fibrillary astrogliosis. Apolipoprotein E genotype was 3/4. The authors report this case as a sentinel case of CTE in an Iraqi war veteran diagnosed with PTSD to possibly stimulate new lines of thought and research in the possible pathoetiology and pathogenesis of PTSD in military veterans as part of the CTE spectrum of diseases, and as chronic sequelae and outcomes of repetitive traumatic brain injuries.},
keywords = {*Blast Injuries/pa [Pathology], *Blast Injuries/pp [Physiopathology], *Brain Injury, *Combat Disorders/pp [Physiopathology], *Suicide/px [Psychology], 2003-2011, adult, Blast Injuries/co [Complications], Brain Injury, Chronic/co [Complications], Chronic/pa [Pathology], Chronic/pp [Physiopathology], Combat Disorders/px [Psychology], Humans, Iraq War, Male, Post-Traumatic/pp [Physiopatholo, Post-Traumatic/px [Psychology], Stress Disorders, Suicide/pc [Prevention \& Control]},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Lau, K M; Madden, E; Neylan, T C; Seal, K H; Maguen, S
Assessing for mild TBI among Iraq and Afghanistan veterans: Outcomes of injury severity and neurological factors Journal Article
In: Brain Injury, vol. 30, no. 3, pp. 287–294, 2016.
@article{Lau2016a,
title = {Assessing for mild TBI among Iraq and Afghanistan veterans: Outcomes of injury severity and neurological factors},
author = {Lau, K M and Madden, E and Neylan, T C and Seal, K H and Maguen, S},
year = {2016},
date = {2016-01-01},
journal = {Brain Injury},
volume = {30},
number = {3},
pages = {287--294},
abstract = {OBJECTIVE: To investigate injury severity markers and neurological symptoms associated with clinician-confirmed mild traumatic brain injury (TBI) among Iraq and Afghanistan veterans. SETTING: Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) medical centre and five affiliated community-based outpatient clinics. PARTICIPANTS: Three hundred and fifty Iraq and Afghanistan veterans with positive initial VA TBI screens between 1 April 2007 and 1 June 2010 and clinician-confirmed TBI status by 1 December 2010. METHODS: Retrospective-cohort study of medical record data. Main measures included clinician-confirmed TBI status, injury severity markers (e.g. loss of consciousness (LOC), post-traumatic amnesia (PTA) or confusion/disorientation) and neurological symptoms. RESULTS: Among veterans who screened positive on the initial VA TBI and then received a clinician evaluation, 60% were confirmed to have a TBI diagnosis. Veterans reporting at least one LOC, confusion or PTA were almost 18-times more likely to receive a confirmed TBI diagnosis. Odds of clinician-confirmed TBI were 2.5-3-times greater among those who endorsed dizziness, poor coordination, headaches, nausea, vision problems and/or irritability, compared to those not endorsing these symptoms. Nausea had greatest utility for confirming a TBI. CONCLUSIONS: Identification of neurologic symptoms that most contribute to a clinician-confirmed diagnosis of TBI has potential for streamlining detection of TBI and symptoms needed for treatment.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Elder, G A
Update on TBI and Cognitive Impairment in Military Veterans Journal Article
In: Current Neurology & Neuroscience Reports, vol. 15, no. 10, pp. 68, 2015.
@article{Elder2015,
title = {Update on TBI and Cognitive Impairment in Military Veterans},
author = {Elder, G A},
year = {2015},
date = {2015-01-01},
journal = {Current Neurology \& Neuroscience Reports},
volume = {15},
number = {10},
pages = {68},
abstract = {Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a common cause of morbidity and mortality in military life. Interest in military TBI has increased recently due to the conflicts in Iraq and Afghanistan. Certain types of TBI are relatively unique to the military, the most prominent being blast-related TBI. Blast-related mild TBI has been of particular concern in veterans from the most recent conflicts although controversy remains concerning its separation from post-traumatic stress disorder. TBI is also a risk factor for the later development of neurodegenerative diseases in which cognitive impairment is prominent putting veterans at risk for disorders including Alzheimer's disease and chronic traumatic encephalopathy. Recent evidence associating TBI with chronic cognitive impairment is reviewed in the context of its relevance to military veterans.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Omalu, B; Hammers, J L; Bailes, J; Hamilton, R L; Kamboh, M I; Webster, G; Fitzsimmons, R P
Chronic traumatic encephalopathy in an Iraqi war veteran with posttraumatic stress disorder who committed suicide Journal Article
In: Neurosurgical Focus, vol. 31, no. 5, pp. E3, 2011.
@article{Omalu2011,
title = {Chronic traumatic encephalopathy in an Iraqi war veteran with posttraumatic stress disorder who committed suicide},
author = {Omalu, B and Hammers, J L and Bailes, J and Hamilton, R L and Kamboh, M I and Webster, G and Fitzsimmons, R P},
year = {2011},
date = {2011-01-01},
journal = {Neurosurgical Focus},
volume = {31},
number = {5},
pages = {E3},
abstract = {Following his discovery of chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE) in football players in 2002, Dr. Bennet Omalu hypothesized that posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in military veterans may belong to the CTE spectrum of diseases. The CTE surveillance at the Brain Injury Research Institute was therefore expanded to include deceased military veterans diagnosed with PTSD. The authors report the case of a 27-year-old United States Marine Corps (USMC) Iraqi war veteran, an amphibious assault vehicle crewman, who committed suicide by hanging after two deployments to Fallujah and Ramadi. He experienced combat and was exposed to mortar blasts and improvised explosive device blasts less than 50 m away. Following his second deployment he developed a progressive history of cognitive impairment, impaired memory, behavioral and mood disorders, and alcohol abuse. Neuropsychiatric assessment revealed a diagnosis of PTSD with hyperarousal (irritability and insomnia) and numbing. He committed suicide approximately 8 months after his honorable discharge from the USMC. His brain at autopsy appeared grossly unremarkable except for congestive brain swelling. There was no atrophy or remote focal traumatic brain injury such as contusional necrosis or hemorrhage. Histochemical and immunohistochemical brain tissue analysis revealed CTE changes comprising multifocal, neocortical, and subcortical neurofibrillary tangles and neuritic threads (ranging from none, to sparse, to frequent) with the skip phenomenon, accentuated in the depths of sulci and in the frontal cortex. The subcortical white matter showed mild rarefaction, sparse perivascular and neuropil infiltration by histiocytes, and mild fibrillary astrogliosis. Apolipoprotein E genotype was 3/4. The authors report this case as a sentinel case of CTE in an Iraqi war veteran diagnosed with PTSD to possibly stimulate new lines of thought and research in the possible pathoetiology and pathogenesis of PTSD in military veterans as part of the CTE spectrum of diseases, and as chronic sequelae and outcomes of repetitive traumatic brain injuries.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Lau, K M; Madden, E; Neylan, T C; Seal, K H; Maguen, S
Assessing for mild TBI among Iraq and Afghanistan veterans: Outcomes of injury severity and neurological factors Journal Article
In: Brain Injury, vol. 30, no. 3, pp. 287–294, 2016.
Abstract | BibTeX | Tags: *Afghan Campaign 2001-, *Brain Concussion/di [Diagnosis], *Iraq War, *Veterans/sn [Statistics & Numerical Data], 2003-2011, adult, Brain Concussion/pp [Physiopathology], Brain Concussion/px [Psychology], Cohort Studies, Female, Humans, Injury Severity Score, Male, middle aged, Military personnel, Post-Traumatic/di [Diagnosis], Post-Traumatic/pp [Physiopatholo, Post-Traumatic/px [Psychology], Retrospective Studies, self report, Stress Disorders, UNITED States, United States Department of Veterans Affairs
@article{Lau2016a,
title = {Assessing for mild TBI among Iraq and Afghanistan veterans: Outcomes of injury severity and neurological factors},
author = {Lau, K M and Madden, E and Neylan, T C and Seal, K H and Maguen, S},
year = {2016},
date = {2016-01-01},
journal = {Brain Injury},
volume = {30},
number = {3},
pages = {287--294},
abstract = {OBJECTIVE: To investigate injury severity markers and neurological symptoms associated with clinician-confirmed mild traumatic brain injury (TBI) among Iraq and Afghanistan veterans. SETTING: Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) medical centre and five affiliated community-based outpatient clinics. PARTICIPANTS: Three hundred and fifty Iraq and Afghanistan veterans with positive initial VA TBI screens between 1 April 2007 and 1 June 2010 and clinician-confirmed TBI status by 1 December 2010. METHODS: Retrospective-cohort study of medical record data. Main measures included clinician-confirmed TBI status, injury severity markers (e.g. loss of consciousness (LOC), post-traumatic amnesia (PTA) or confusion/disorientation) and neurological symptoms. RESULTS: Among veterans who screened positive on the initial VA TBI and then received a clinician evaluation, 60% were confirmed to have a TBI diagnosis. Veterans reporting at least one LOC, confusion or PTA were almost 18-times more likely to receive a confirmed TBI diagnosis. Odds of clinician-confirmed TBI were 2.5-3-times greater among those who endorsed dizziness, poor coordination, headaches, nausea, vision problems and/or irritability, compared to those not endorsing these symptoms. Nausea had greatest utility for confirming a TBI. CONCLUSIONS: Identification of neurologic symptoms that most contribute to a clinician-confirmed diagnosis of TBI has potential for streamlining detection of TBI and symptoms needed for treatment.},
keywords = {*Afghan Campaign 2001-, *Brain Concussion/di [Diagnosis], *Iraq War, *Veterans/sn [Statistics \& Numerical Data], 2003-2011, adult, Brain Concussion/pp [Physiopathology], Brain Concussion/px [Psychology], Cohort Studies, Female, Humans, Injury Severity Score, Male, middle aged, Military personnel, Post-Traumatic/di [Diagnosis], Post-Traumatic/pp [Physiopatholo, Post-Traumatic/px [Psychology], Retrospective Studies, self report, Stress Disorders, UNITED States, United States Department of Veterans Affairs},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Elder, G A
Update on TBI and Cognitive Impairment in Military Veterans Journal Article
In: Current Neurology & Neuroscience Reports, vol. 15, no. 10, pp. 68, 2015.
Abstract | BibTeX | Tags: *Brain Injuries/pp [Physiopathology], *Cognition Disorders/pp [Physiopathology], *Veterans, Blast Injuries/co [Complications], Blast Injuries/pp [Physiopathology], Brain Injuries/co [Complications], Cognition Disorders/et [Etiology], Humans, Post-Traumatic/pp [Physiopatholo, Risk Factors, Stress Disorders
@article{Elder2015,
title = {Update on TBI and Cognitive Impairment in Military Veterans},
author = {Elder, G A},
year = {2015},
date = {2015-01-01},
journal = {Current Neurology \& Neuroscience Reports},
volume = {15},
number = {10},
pages = {68},
abstract = {Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a common cause of morbidity and mortality in military life. Interest in military TBI has increased recently due to the conflicts in Iraq and Afghanistan. Certain types of TBI are relatively unique to the military, the most prominent being blast-related TBI. Blast-related mild TBI has been of particular concern in veterans from the most recent conflicts although controversy remains concerning its separation from post-traumatic stress disorder. TBI is also a risk factor for the later development of neurodegenerative diseases in which cognitive impairment is prominent putting veterans at risk for disorders including Alzheimer's disease and chronic traumatic encephalopathy. Recent evidence associating TBI with chronic cognitive impairment is reviewed in the context of its relevance to military veterans.},
keywords = {*Brain Injuries/pp [Physiopathology], *Cognition Disorders/pp [Physiopathology], *Veterans, Blast Injuries/co [Complications], Blast Injuries/pp [Physiopathology], Brain Injuries/co [Complications], Cognition Disorders/et [Etiology], Humans, Post-Traumatic/pp [Physiopatholo, Risk Factors, Stress Disorders},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Omalu, B; Hammers, J L; Bailes, J; Hamilton, R L; Kamboh, M I; Webster, G; Fitzsimmons, R P
Chronic traumatic encephalopathy in an Iraqi war veteran with posttraumatic stress disorder who committed suicide Journal Article
In: Neurosurgical Focus, vol. 31, no. 5, pp. E3, 2011.
Abstract | BibTeX | Tags: *Blast Injuries/pa [Pathology], *Blast Injuries/pp [Physiopathology], *Brain Injury, *Combat Disorders/pp [Physiopathology], *Suicide/px [Psychology], 2003-2011, adult, Blast Injuries/co [Complications], Brain Injury, Chronic/co [Complications], Chronic/pa [Pathology], Chronic/pp [Physiopathology], Combat Disorders/px [Psychology], Humans, Iraq War, Male, Post-Traumatic/pp [Physiopatholo, Post-Traumatic/px [Psychology], Stress Disorders, Suicide/pc [Prevention & Control]
@article{Omalu2011,
title = {Chronic traumatic encephalopathy in an Iraqi war veteran with posttraumatic stress disorder who committed suicide},
author = {Omalu, B and Hammers, J L and Bailes, J and Hamilton, R L and Kamboh, M I and Webster, G and Fitzsimmons, R P},
year = {2011},
date = {2011-01-01},
journal = {Neurosurgical Focus},
volume = {31},
number = {5},
pages = {E3},
abstract = {Following his discovery of chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE) in football players in 2002, Dr. Bennet Omalu hypothesized that posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in military veterans may belong to the CTE spectrum of diseases. The CTE surveillance at the Brain Injury Research Institute was therefore expanded to include deceased military veterans diagnosed with PTSD. The authors report the case of a 27-year-old United States Marine Corps (USMC) Iraqi war veteran, an amphibious assault vehicle crewman, who committed suicide by hanging after two deployments to Fallujah and Ramadi. He experienced combat and was exposed to mortar blasts and improvised explosive device blasts less than 50 m away. Following his second deployment he developed a progressive history of cognitive impairment, impaired memory, behavioral and mood disorders, and alcohol abuse. Neuropsychiatric assessment revealed a diagnosis of PTSD with hyperarousal (irritability and insomnia) and numbing. He committed suicide approximately 8 months after his honorable discharge from the USMC. His brain at autopsy appeared grossly unremarkable except for congestive brain swelling. There was no atrophy or remote focal traumatic brain injury such as contusional necrosis or hemorrhage. Histochemical and immunohistochemical brain tissue analysis revealed CTE changes comprising multifocal, neocortical, and subcortical neurofibrillary tangles and neuritic threads (ranging from none, to sparse, to frequent) with the skip phenomenon, accentuated in the depths of sulci and in the frontal cortex. The subcortical white matter showed mild rarefaction, sparse perivascular and neuropil infiltration by histiocytes, and mild fibrillary astrogliosis. Apolipoprotein E genotype was 3/4. The authors report this case as a sentinel case of CTE in an Iraqi war veteran diagnosed with PTSD to possibly stimulate new lines of thought and research in the possible pathoetiology and pathogenesis of PTSD in military veterans as part of the CTE spectrum of diseases, and as chronic sequelae and outcomes of repetitive traumatic brain injuries.},
keywords = {*Blast Injuries/pa [Pathology], *Blast Injuries/pp [Physiopathology], *Brain Injury, *Combat Disorders/pp [Physiopathology], *Suicide/px [Psychology], 2003-2011, adult, Blast Injuries/co [Complications], Brain Injury, Chronic/co [Complications], Chronic/pa [Pathology], Chronic/pp [Physiopathology], Combat Disorders/px [Psychology], Humans, Iraq War, Male, Post-Traumatic/pp [Physiopatholo, Post-Traumatic/px [Psychology], Stress Disorders, Suicide/pc [Prevention \& Control]},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}