Westermann, Robert W; Kerr, Zachary Y; Wehr, Peter; Amendola, Annuziato
Increasing Lower Extremity Injury Rates Across the 2009-2010 to 2014-2015 Seasons of National Collegiate Athletic Association Football Journal Article
In: American Journal of Sports Medicine, vol. 44, no. 12, pp. 3230–3236, 2016, ISBN: 03635465.
Abstract | BibTeX | Tags: *ANKLE wounds, *BRAIN -- Concussion, *COLLEGE athletes, *COLLEGE sports, *EPIDEMIOLOGY, *FOOTBALL injuries, *KNEE -- Wounds & injuries, *LEG -- Wounds & injuries, *PREVENTION, *SPORTS -- Societies, ankle injury, Concussion, CONFIDENCE intervals, DATA analysis -- Software, DESCRIPTIVE statistics, etc., football, IOWA, knee, LONGITUDINAL method, ODDS ratio, RESEARCH, RESEARCH -- Finance, RESEARCH -- Methodology, rule change, UNITED States
@article{Westermann2016,
title = {Increasing Lower Extremity Injury Rates Across the 2009-2010 to 2014-2015 Seasons of National Collegiate Athletic Association Football},
author = {Westermann, Robert W and Kerr, Zachary Y and Wehr, Peter and Amendola, Annuziato},
isbn = {03635465},
year = {2016},
date = {2016-01-01},
journal = {American Journal of Sports Medicine},
volume = {44},
number = {12},
pages = {3230--3236},
abstract = {Background: Sports-related concussions (SRCs) have gained increased societal interest in the past decade. The National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) has implemented legislation and rule changes to decrease the incidence and risk of head injury impacts. The “targeting” rule forbids initiating contact with the crown of a helmet and targeting defenseless players in the head and neck area; however, there are concerns that this rule change has unintentionally led to an increased incidence of lower extremity injuries. Purpose/Hypothesis: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the change in lower extremity injury rates in NCAA football during the 2009-2010 to 2014-2015 seasons. We hypothesized that the lower extremity injury rate has increased across the time period. Study Design: Descriptive epidemiology study. Methods: Sixty-eight NCAA football programs provided 153 team-seasons of data to the NCAA Injury Surveillance Program. Lower extremity injuries (ie, hip/groin, upper leg/thigh, knee, lower leg/Achilles, foot/toes) and SRCs sustained during NCAA football games were examined. We calculated injury rates per 1000 athlete-exposures (AEs) for lower extremity injuries and SRCs. Rate ratios (RRs) compared injury rates between the 2009-2010 to 2011-2012 and 2012-2013 to 2014-2015 seasons. Results: Overall, 2400 lower extremity injuries were reported during the 2009-2010 to 2014-2015 seasons; most were to the knee (33.6%) and ankle (28.5%) and caused by player contact (59.2%). The lower extremity injury rate increased in 2012-2013 to 2014-2015 compared with 2009-2010 to 2011-2012 (23.55 vs 20.45/1000 AEs, respectively; RR, 1.15; 95% CI, 1.06-1.25). This finding was retained when restricted to injuries due to player contact (RR, 1.19; 95% CI, 1.07-1.32) but not for injuries due to noncontact/overuse (RR, 0.96; 95% CI, 0.80-1.14). When examining player contact injury rates by anatomic site, only ankle injuries had an increase (RR, 1.36; 95% CI, 1.13-1.64). The SRC rate also increased in 2012-2013 to 2014-2015 compared with 2009-2010 to 2011-2012 (3.52 vs 2.63/1000 AEs, respectively; RR, 1.34; 95% CI, 1.08-1.66). Conclusion: The lower extremity injury rate has increased in NCAA football athletes. Similarly, SRC rates have increased, although this may be caused by concurrent policies related to better education, identification, and management. Targeting rule changes may be contributing to increased rates of player contact\textendashrelated ankle injuries. Alongside continued surveillance research to examine longitudinal time trends, more in-depth individual-level examinations of how targeting rule changes influence coaching and player behaviors are warranted. ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR},
keywords = {*ANKLE wounds, *BRAIN -- Concussion, *COLLEGE athletes, *COLLEGE sports, *EPIDEMIOLOGY, *FOOTBALL injuries, *KNEE -- Wounds \& injuries, *LEG -- Wounds \& injuries, *PREVENTION, *SPORTS -- Societies, ankle injury, Concussion, CONFIDENCE intervals, DATA analysis -- Software, DESCRIPTIVE statistics, etc., football, IOWA, knee, LONGITUDINAL method, ODDS ratio, RESEARCH, RESEARCH -- Finance, RESEARCH -- Methodology, rule change, UNITED States},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Compton, Josh; Compton, Jordan
Open Letters From the National Football League, Concussion Prevention, and Image-Repair Rhetoric Journal Article
In: International Journal of Sport Communication, vol. 8, no. 3, pp. 266–275, 2015, ISBN: 19363915.
Abstract | BibTeX | Tags: *BRAIN -- Concussion, *COMMUNICATION in sports, credibility, image prepare Open letters offer a unique focus fo, NATIONAL Football League, NFL, RESEARCH, RHETORICAL analysis, TRUTHFULNESS & falsehood
@article{Compton2015,
title = {Open Letters From the National Football League, Concussion Prevention, and Image-Repair Rhetoric},
author = {Compton, Josh and Compton, Jordan},
isbn = {19363915},
year = {2015},
date = {2015-01-01},
journal = {International Journal of Sport Communication},
volume = {8},
number = {3},
pages = {266--275},
abstract = {Open letters offer a unique focus for rhetorical analysis in sport communication, forming a message that is both interpersonal (the attempt to reflect dialogue through a letter writer and its recipients) and public (the "open" part of the open letter). The National Football League (NFL) attempted image repair when it used open letters to respond to accusations that it was not doing enough to protect athletes against devastating effects of concussions. Through the use of Benoit's theory of image repair, the authors found that Commissioner Goodell's open letters relied on 2 main image-repair strategies: reducing offensiveness and corrective action. They consider the implications of these rhetorical choices for the complicated merging areas of sport, communication, and health in the NFL's open letters. ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR},
keywords = {*BRAIN -- Concussion, *COMMUNICATION in sports, credibility, image prepare Open letters offer a unique focus fo, NATIONAL Football League, NFL, RESEARCH, RHETORICAL analysis, TRUTHFULNESS \& falsehood},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Aoyama, Keita; Maruoka, Yasubumi; Kobayashi, Marina; Kondo, Keisuke; Masuda, Issei; Sekine, Youhei; Myers, Mie; Shimoyama, Tetsuo; Sano, Haruo
A Questionnaire Survey Evaluating Custom-made Mouthguards for American Football Players Journal Article
In: Japanese Journal of Sports Dentistry, vol. 16, no. 1, pp. 14–19, 2012, ISBN: 1344140X.
Abstract | BibTeX | Tags: *DENTISTRY, *FOOTBALL players, *Mouth Protectors, *SPORTING goods, American football, custom-made mouthguards, questionnaire, QUESTIONNAIRES -- Research, RESEARCH
@article{Aoyama2012,
title = {A Questionnaire Survey Evaluating Custom-made Mouthguards for American Football Players},
author = {Aoyama, Keita and Maruoka, Yasubumi and Kobayashi, Marina and Kondo, Keisuke and Masuda, Issei and Sekine, Youhei and Myers, Mie and Shimoyama, Tetsuo and Sano, Haruo},
isbn = {1344140X},
year = {2012},
date = {2012-01-01},
journal = {Japanese Journal of Sports Dentistry},
volume = {16},
number = {1},
pages = {14--19},
abstract = {We conducted a questionnaire survey regarding mouthguards (MGs) in which the subjects were American football players who were users of non-custom-made MGs, and assessed their effectiveness. The questionnaire was administered twice, once before a custom-made MG was prepared and again after it was used. The replies to being asked whether or not they were dissatisfied with wearing the MG showed that the number of players who were dissatisfied decreased after using the custom-made MG. There was no dental trauma with either MG, but non-dental trauma in the oral area and cerebral concussions were both less frequent with the custom-made MG. We think that to improve the frequency of MG use, it is necessary to eliminate the dissatisfaction with wearing them and increase their usefulness. We also think that using MGs with superior fit and wearing comfort that can be worn throughout the entire game will be effective in preventing trauma and cerebral concussions. ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR},
keywords = {*DENTISTRY, *FOOTBALL players, *Mouth Protectors, *SPORTING goods, American football, custom-made mouthguards, questionnaire, QUESTIONNAIRES -- Research, RESEARCH},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Brooks, George A
Body-Mind Learning: A Lesson for the Mind From Muscle Journal Article
In: Exercise & Sport Sciences Reviews, vol. 35, no. 4, pp. 163–165, 2007, ISBN: 00916331.
Abstract | BibTeX | Tags: *BLOOD lactate, *BRAIN, *CARBOXYLIC acids, *GLUCOSE, *MOTOR ability, *MUSCLES, *WOUNDS & injuries, CELL metabolism -- Regulation, PHYSIOLOGICAL aspects, RESEARCH
@article{Brooks2007a,
title = {Body-Mind Learning: A Lesson for the Mind From Muscle},
author = {Brooks, George A},
isbn = {00916331},
year = {2007},
date = {2007-01-01},
journal = {Exercise \& Sport Sciences Reviews},
volume = {35},
number = {4},
pages = {163--165},
abstract = {The article focuses on the concept of motor memory and brain lactate shuttle and their relevance in understanding the effects of concussive injuries and how the brain metabolizes glucose. The theory of lactate shuttle stresses that lactate is considered as the fuel of red skeletal muscle fibers and heart and moves between cells, organs and tissues through cell signaling. The author believes that glucose is the major cerebral fuel and that muscle knows to release lactate to fuel the brain.},
keywords = {*BLOOD lactate, *BRAIN, *CARBOXYLIC acids, *GLUCOSE, *MOTOR ability, *MUSCLES, *WOUNDS \& injuries, CELL metabolism -- Regulation, PHYSIOLOGICAL aspects, RESEARCH},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Westermann, Robert W; Kerr, Zachary Y; Wehr, Peter; Amendola, Annuziato
Increasing Lower Extremity Injury Rates Across the 2009-2010 to 2014-2015 Seasons of National Collegiate Athletic Association Football Journal Article
In: American Journal of Sports Medicine, vol. 44, no. 12, pp. 3230–3236, 2016, ISBN: 03635465.
@article{Westermann2016,
title = {Increasing Lower Extremity Injury Rates Across the 2009-2010 to 2014-2015 Seasons of National Collegiate Athletic Association Football},
author = {Westermann, Robert W and Kerr, Zachary Y and Wehr, Peter and Amendola, Annuziato},
isbn = {03635465},
year = {2016},
date = {2016-01-01},
journal = {American Journal of Sports Medicine},
volume = {44},
number = {12},
pages = {3230--3236},
abstract = {Background: Sports-related concussions (SRCs) have gained increased societal interest in the past decade. The National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) has implemented legislation and rule changes to decrease the incidence and risk of head injury impacts. The “targeting” rule forbids initiating contact with the crown of a helmet and targeting defenseless players in the head and neck area; however, there are concerns that this rule change has unintentionally led to an increased incidence of lower extremity injuries. Purpose/Hypothesis: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the change in lower extremity injury rates in NCAA football during the 2009-2010 to 2014-2015 seasons. We hypothesized that the lower extremity injury rate has increased across the time period. Study Design: Descriptive epidemiology study. Methods: Sixty-eight NCAA football programs provided 153 team-seasons of data to the NCAA Injury Surveillance Program. Lower extremity injuries (ie, hip/groin, upper leg/thigh, knee, lower leg/Achilles, foot/toes) and SRCs sustained during NCAA football games were examined. We calculated injury rates per 1000 athlete-exposures (AEs) for lower extremity injuries and SRCs. Rate ratios (RRs) compared injury rates between the 2009-2010 to 2011-2012 and 2012-2013 to 2014-2015 seasons. Results: Overall, 2400 lower extremity injuries were reported during the 2009-2010 to 2014-2015 seasons; most were to the knee (33.6%) and ankle (28.5%) and caused by player contact (59.2%). The lower extremity injury rate increased in 2012-2013 to 2014-2015 compared with 2009-2010 to 2011-2012 (23.55 vs 20.45/1000 AEs, respectively; RR, 1.15; 95% CI, 1.06-1.25). This finding was retained when restricted to injuries due to player contact (RR, 1.19; 95% CI, 1.07-1.32) but not for injuries due to noncontact/overuse (RR, 0.96; 95% CI, 0.80-1.14). When examining player contact injury rates by anatomic site, only ankle injuries had an increase (RR, 1.36; 95% CI, 1.13-1.64). The SRC rate also increased in 2012-2013 to 2014-2015 compared with 2009-2010 to 2011-2012 (3.52 vs 2.63/1000 AEs, respectively; RR, 1.34; 95% CI, 1.08-1.66). Conclusion: The lower extremity injury rate has increased in NCAA football athletes. Similarly, SRC rates have increased, although this may be caused by concurrent policies related to better education, identification, and management. Targeting rule changes may be contributing to increased rates of player contact\textendashrelated ankle injuries. Alongside continued surveillance research to examine longitudinal time trends, more in-depth individual-level examinations of how targeting rule changes influence coaching and player behaviors are warranted. ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Compton, Josh; Compton, Jordan
Open Letters From the National Football League, Concussion Prevention, and Image-Repair Rhetoric Journal Article
In: International Journal of Sport Communication, vol. 8, no. 3, pp. 266–275, 2015, ISBN: 19363915.
@article{Compton2015,
title = {Open Letters From the National Football League, Concussion Prevention, and Image-Repair Rhetoric},
author = {Compton, Josh and Compton, Jordan},
isbn = {19363915},
year = {2015},
date = {2015-01-01},
journal = {International Journal of Sport Communication},
volume = {8},
number = {3},
pages = {266--275},
abstract = {Open letters offer a unique focus for rhetorical analysis in sport communication, forming a message that is both interpersonal (the attempt to reflect dialogue through a letter writer and its recipients) and public (the "open" part of the open letter). The National Football League (NFL) attempted image repair when it used open letters to respond to accusations that it was not doing enough to protect athletes against devastating effects of concussions. Through the use of Benoit's theory of image repair, the authors found that Commissioner Goodell's open letters relied on 2 main image-repair strategies: reducing offensiveness and corrective action. They consider the implications of these rhetorical choices for the complicated merging areas of sport, communication, and health in the NFL's open letters. ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Aoyama, Keita; Maruoka, Yasubumi; Kobayashi, Marina; Kondo, Keisuke; Masuda, Issei; Sekine, Youhei; Myers, Mie; Shimoyama, Tetsuo; Sano, Haruo
A Questionnaire Survey Evaluating Custom-made Mouthguards for American Football Players Journal Article
In: Japanese Journal of Sports Dentistry, vol. 16, no. 1, pp. 14–19, 2012, ISBN: 1344140X.
@article{Aoyama2012,
title = {A Questionnaire Survey Evaluating Custom-made Mouthguards for American Football Players},
author = {Aoyama, Keita and Maruoka, Yasubumi and Kobayashi, Marina and Kondo, Keisuke and Masuda, Issei and Sekine, Youhei and Myers, Mie and Shimoyama, Tetsuo and Sano, Haruo},
isbn = {1344140X},
year = {2012},
date = {2012-01-01},
journal = {Japanese Journal of Sports Dentistry},
volume = {16},
number = {1},
pages = {14--19},
abstract = {We conducted a questionnaire survey regarding mouthguards (MGs) in which the subjects were American football players who were users of non-custom-made MGs, and assessed their effectiveness. The questionnaire was administered twice, once before a custom-made MG was prepared and again after it was used. The replies to being asked whether or not they were dissatisfied with wearing the MG showed that the number of players who were dissatisfied decreased after using the custom-made MG. There was no dental trauma with either MG, but non-dental trauma in the oral area and cerebral concussions were both less frequent with the custom-made MG. We think that to improve the frequency of MG use, it is necessary to eliminate the dissatisfaction with wearing them and increase their usefulness. We also think that using MGs with superior fit and wearing comfort that can be worn throughout the entire game will be effective in preventing trauma and cerebral concussions. ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Brooks, George A
Body-Mind Learning: A Lesson for the Mind From Muscle Journal Article
In: Exercise & Sport Sciences Reviews, vol. 35, no. 4, pp. 163–165, 2007, ISBN: 00916331.
@article{Brooks2007a,
title = {Body-Mind Learning: A Lesson for the Mind From Muscle},
author = {Brooks, George A},
isbn = {00916331},
year = {2007},
date = {2007-01-01},
journal = {Exercise \& Sport Sciences Reviews},
volume = {35},
number = {4},
pages = {163--165},
abstract = {The article focuses on the concept of motor memory and brain lactate shuttle and their relevance in understanding the effects of concussive injuries and how the brain metabolizes glucose. The theory of lactate shuttle stresses that lactate is considered as the fuel of red skeletal muscle fibers and heart and moves between cells, organs and tissues through cell signaling. The author believes that glucose is the major cerebral fuel and that muscle knows to release lactate to fuel the brain.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Westermann, Robert W; Kerr, Zachary Y; Wehr, Peter; Amendola, Annuziato
Increasing Lower Extremity Injury Rates Across the 2009-2010 to 2014-2015 Seasons of National Collegiate Athletic Association Football Journal Article
In: American Journal of Sports Medicine, vol. 44, no. 12, pp. 3230–3236, 2016, ISBN: 03635465.
Abstract | BibTeX | Tags: *ANKLE wounds, *BRAIN -- Concussion, *COLLEGE athletes, *COLLEGE sports, *EPIDEMIOLOGY, *FOOTBALL injuries, *KNEE -- Wounds & injuries, *LEG -- Wounds & injuries, *PREVENTION, *SPORTS -- Societies, ankle injury, Concussion, CONFIDENCE intervals, DATA analysis -- Software, DESCRIPTIVE statistics, etc., football, IOWA, knee, LONGITUDINAL method, ODDS ratio, RESEARCH, RESEARCH -- Finance, RESEARCH -- Methodology, rule change, UNITED States
@article{Westermann2016,
title = {Increasing Lower Extremity Injury Rates Across the 2009-2010 to 2014-2015 Seasons of National Collegiate Athletic Association Football},
author = {Westermann, Robert W and Kerr, Zachary Y and Wehr, Peter and Amendola, Annuziato},
isbn = {03635465},
year = {2016},
date = {2016-01-01},
journal = {American Journal of Sports Medicine},
volume = {44},
number = {12},
pages = {3230--3236},
abstract = {Background: Sports-related concussions (SRCs) have gained increased societal interest in the past decade. The National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) has implemented legislation and rule changes to decrease the incidence and risk of head injury impacts. The “targeting” rule forbids initiating contact with the crown of a helmet and targeting defenseless players in the head and neck area; however, there are concerns that this rule change has unintentionally led to an increased incidence of lower extremity injuries. Purpose/Hypothesis: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the change in lower extremity injury rates in NCAA football during the 2009-2010 to 2014-2015 seasons. We hypothesized that the lower extremity injury rate has increased across the time period. Study Design: Descriptive epidemiology study. Methods: Sixty-eight NCAA football programs provided 153 team-seasons of data to the NCAA Injury Surveillance Program. Lower extremity injuries (ie, hip/groin, upper leg/thigh, knee, lower leg/Achilles, foot/toes) and SRCs sustained during NCAA football games were examined. We calculated injury rates per 1000 athlete-exposures (AEs) for lower extremity injuries and SRCs. Rate ratios (RRs) compared injury rates between the 2009-2010 to 2011-2012 and 2012-2013 to 2014-2015 seasons. Results: Overall, 2400 lower extremity injuries were reported during the 2009-2010 to 2014-2015 seasons; most were to the knee (33.6%) and ankle (28.5%) and caused by player contact (59.2%). The lower extremity injury rate increased in 2012-2013 to 2014-2015 compared with 2009-2010 to 2011-2012 (23.55 vs 20.45/1000 AEs, respectively; RR, 1.15; 95% CI, 1.06-1.25). This finding was retained when restricted to injuries due to player contact (RR, 1.19; 95% CI, 1.07-1.32) but not for injuries due to noncontact/overuse (RR, 0.96; 95% CI, 0.80-1.14). When examining player contact injury rates by anatomic site, only ankle injuries had an increase (RR, 1.36; 95% CI, 1.13-1.64). The SRC rate also increased in 2012-2013 to 2014-2015 compared with 2009-2010 to 2011-2012 (3.52 vs 2.63/1000 AEs, respectively; RR, 1.34; 95% CI, 1.08-1.66). Conclusion: The lower extremity injury rate has increased in NCAA football athletes. Similarly, SRC rates have increased, although this may be caused by concurrent policies related to better education, identification, and management. Targeting rule changes may be contributing to increased rates of player contact\textendashrelated ankle injuries. Alongside continued surveillance research to examine longitudinal time trends, more in-depth individual-level examinations of how targeting rule changes influence coaching and player behaviors are warranted. ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR},
keywords = {*ANKLE wounds, *BRAIN -- Concussion, *COLLEGE athletes, *COLLEGE sports, *EPIDEMIOLOGY, *FOOTBALL injuries, *KNEE -- Wounds \& injuries, *LEG -- Wounds \& injuries, *PREVENTION, *SPORTS -- Societies, ankle injury, Concussion, CONFIDENCE intervals, DATA analysis -- Software, DESCRIPTIVE statistics, etc., football, IOWA, knee, LONGITUDINAL method, ODDS ratio, RESEARCH, RESEARCH -- Finance, RESEARCH -- Methodology, rule change, UNITED States},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Compton, Josh; Compton, Jordan
Open Letters From the National Football League, Concussion Prevention, and Image-Repair Rhetoric Journal Article
In: International Journal of Sport Communication, vol. 8, no. 3, pp. 266–275, 2015, ISBN: 19363915.
Abstract | BibTeX | Tags: *BRAIN -- Concussion, *COMMUNICATION in sports, credibility, image prepare Open letters offer a unique focus fo, NATIONAL Football League, NFL, RESEARCH, RHETORICAL analysis, TRUTHFULNESS & falsehood
@article{Compton2015,
title = {Open Letters From the National Football League, Concussion Prevention, and Image-Repair Rhetoric},
author = {Compton, Josh and Compton, Jordan},
isbn = {19363915},
year = {2015},
date = {2015-01-01},
journal = {International Journal of Sport Communication},
volume = {8},
number = {3},
pages = {266--275},
abstract = {Open letters offer a unique focus for rhetorical analysis in sport communication, forming a message that is both interpersonal (the attempt to reflect dialogue through a letter writer and its recipients) and public (the "open" part of the open letter). The National Football League (NFL) attempted image repair when it used open letters to respond to accusations that it was not doing enough to protect athletes against devastating effects of concussions. Through the use of Benoit's theory of image repair, the authors found that Commissioner Goodell's open letters relied on 2 main image-repair strategies: reducing offensiveness and corrective action. They consider the implications of these rhetorical choices for the complicated merging areas of sport, communication, and health in the NFL's open letters. ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR},
keywords = {*BRAIN -- Concussion, *COMMUNICATION in sports, credibility, image prepare Open letters offer a unique focus fo, NATIONAL Football League, NFL, RESEARCH, RHETORICAL analysis, TRUTHFULNESS \& falsehood},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Aoyama, Keita; Maruoka, Yasubumi; Kobayashi, Marina; Kondo, Keisuke; Masuda, Issei; Sekine, Youhei; Myers, Mie; Shimoyama, Tetsuo; Sano, Haruo
A Questionnaire Survey Evaluating Custom-made Mouthguards for American Football Players Journal Article
In: Japanese Journal of Sports Dentistry, vol. 16, no. 1, pp. 14–19, 2012, ISBN: 1344140X.
Abstract | BibTeX | Tags: *DENTISTRY, *FOOTBALL players, *Mouth Protectors, *SPORTING goods, American football, custom-made mouthguards, questionnaire, QUESTIONNAIRES -- Research, RESEARCH
@article{Aoyama2012,
title = {A Questionnaire Survey Evaluating Custom-made Mouthguards for American Football Players},
author = {Aoyama, Keita and Maruoka, Yasubumi and Kobayashi, Marina and Kondo, Keisuke and Masuda, Issei and Sekine, Youhei and Myers, Mie and Shimoyama, Tetsuo and Sano, Haruo},
isbn = {1344140X},
year = {2012},
date = {2012-01-01},
journal = {Japanese Journal of Sports Dentistry},
volume = {16},
number = {1},
pages = {14--19},
abstract = {We conducted a questionnaire survey regarding mouthguards (MGs) in which the subjects were American football players who were users of non-custom-made MGs, and assessed their effectiveness. The questionnaire was administered twice, once before a custom-made MG was prepared and again after it was used. The replies to being asked whether or not they were dissatisfied with wearing the MG showed that the number of players who were dissatisfied decreased after using the custom-made MG. There was no dental trauma with either MG, but non-dental trauma in the oral area and cerebral concussions were both less frequent with the custom-made MG. We think that to improve the frequency of MG use, it is necessary to eliminate the dissatisfaction with wearing them and increase their usefulness. We also think that using MGs with superior fit and wearing comfort that can be worn throughout the entire game will be effective in preventing trauma and cerebral concussions. ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR},
keywords = {*DENTISTRY, *FOOTBALL players, *Mouth Protectors, *SPORTING goods, American football, custom-made mouthguards, questionnaire, QUESTIONNAIRES -- Research, RESEARCH},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Brooks, George A
Body-Mind Learning: A Lesson for the Mind From Muscle Journal Article
In: Exercise & Sport Sciences Reviews, vol. 35, no. 4, pp. 163–165, 2007, ISBN: 00916331.
Abstract | BibTeX | Tags: *BLOOD lactate, *BRAIN, *CARBOXYLIC acids, *GLUCOSE, *MOTOR ability, *MUSCLES, *WOUNDS & injuries, CELL metabolism -- Regulation, PHYSIOLOGICAL aspects, RESEARCH
@article{Brooks2007a,
title = {Body-Mind Learning: A Lesson for the Mind From Muscle},
author = {Brooks, George A},
isbn = {00916331},
year = {2007},
date = {2007-01-01},
journal = {Exercise \& Sport Sciences Reviews},
volume = {35},
number = {4},
pages = {163--165},
abstract = {The article focuses on the concept of motor memory and brain lactate shuttle and their relevance in understanding the effects of concussive injuries and how the brain metabolizes glucose. The theory of lactate shuttle stresses that lactate is considered as the fuel of red skeletal muscle fibers and heart and moves between cells, organs and tissues through cell signaling. The author believes that glucose is the major cerebral fuel and that muscle knows to release lactate to fuel the brain.},
keywords = {*BLOOD lactate, *BRAIN, *CARBOXYLIC acids, *GLUCOSE, *MOTOR ability, *MUSCLES, *WOUNDS \& injuries, CELL metabolism -- Regulation, PHYSIOLOGICAL aspects, RESEARCH},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}